2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42
Tractor truck - a towing vehicle that works with long semi-trailers. The machine is equipped with a fifth wheel type device with a pick-up socket into which the rod of the towed vehicle is inserted.
Powertrain
Modern truck tractor has a fairly high technical characteristics. A powerful diesel engine is installed in the engine compartment of the car, which allows it to reach speeds of up to 120 km/h.
Pros and cons
The truck tractor has a number of advantages over conventional towing trucks:
- The semi-trailer is easily transformed into a trailer, since the fifth wheel for all machines is the same and allows the use of additional single-axle bogies in the road train. The connection of such an intermediate link makes it possible to significantly lengthen the base of the road train.
- At the unloading area, trailers and semi-trailers can, if necessary, be rearranged from a truck tractor to a special shunting towing vehicle.
- The interchangeability of the tractor and semi-trailers is almost one hundred percent, you canin a matter of minutes, change one platform with cargo to another.
- The truck tractor can move in reverse and make any maneuvers together with the semi-trailer.
- Forward maneuverability is much better than a standard truck with a trailer of the same length.
- The truck tractor has a high efficiency, which can significantly increase the efficiency of transportation and reduce their cost.
- Good weight-to-carrying capacity ratio.
- Able to carry loads up to 24 meters long.
European and American standards
In the US, hood-type tractors are common, when the engine and transmission are located in front of the car, under the hood. European cars are arranged differently: the power plant is located under the cab. In this case, the interior loses in comfort, but the visibility for the driver is simply wonderful. Tractors in Europe, as a rule, are two-axle, with a short base. American cars are overwhelmingly three-axle in design. This choice is dictated by the desire to increase the carrying capacity. A European-made truck tractor is equipped with ventilated disc brakes, on American vehicles only drum mechanisms. American trailers are powered by 12 volts, European vehicles are standardized for 24 volts.
"Volvo", truck tractor
Swedish automotive company Volvo Trucks Corporationranks second in the world in the production of heavy trucks. All models of the concern are distinguished by a high level of safety and increased comfort. The company sends more than a third of its products to the United States, while each car has to be accompanied by a set of services, spare parts and tools, since the unification of Swedish tractors and American trailers in terms of repair kits is zero.
Volvo (FH series truck tractor) is an extra long haul vehicle equipped with sleeping accommodations, a refrigerator and a kitchenette. She is the most popular. Cars of the FM series are lighter, designed for short and medium trips between nearby cities and regions. The third category of Swedish tractors, the FL series, are light towing vehicles for urban transport. Also, these machines work on the removal of garbage, household waste and other goods related to utilities.
Cars of the brand "Volvo" of almost all modifications successfully operate in Russia. The machine is super reliable, relatively inexpensive to maintain, and has a wide range of applications.
The power plant on Volvo cars is Cummins engines. Previously installed Caterpillar and Disel Detroit. Transmission robotic or automatic - ZF-Meritor and Eaton-Fuller.
Belarusian-made tractor
Towing vehicles produced by the Minsk Automobile Plant are intended mainly for long-distance trips in the international format. Truck tractor MAZis a modern machine with excellent performance that complies with Euro-4 environmental standards. Minsk-made tractors are equipped with YaMZ diesel engines of various modifications with a capacity of 310 hp or more. with., allowing speeds up to 100 km / h.
The MAZ truck tractor is a fairly comfortable car, a sleeping place is equipped in the cabin, the cabin is heated by heating antifreeze, a special compact radiator with a fan transfers warm air through the deflectors to the lower part of the cabin space, from where it is distributed evenly throughout the cabin. In hot weather, the air conditioner works in the car.
The machine is arranged according to the European standard, the engine is located under the cab. However, the latest models of MAZ tractors are already produced in the bonnet version, such as the MAZ-6440 model.
KAMAZ truck tractor
The Russian company "Trak Holding" produces universal car towing vehicles at a plant in Naberezhnye Chelny. Tractors of the KamAZ brand are mainline vehicles adapted to work with various platforms. Among them are tipper semi-trailers, tanks, timber trailers, concrete mixers, cranes-manipulators.
KAMAZ (truck tractor) is a reliable economical vehicle with several options for arranging the cab. The car has good sound insulation, moves almost silently. It has a strong traction force, the machine's load capacity is 62.7 tons.
OperationThe car is accompanied by manufacturer's support for the first two years with a guarantee of repair and prevention. Maintenance is also the responsibility of the supplier. Among other things, the service covers the repair and maintenance of the engine under a separate program, regardless of the general scheme of the warranty period.
Cost
The truck tractor is a special-purpose vehicle, its operation is regulated by certain rules, and its efficiency is higher than that of conventional trucks. Therefore, the rather high cost of the machine is justified by the guaranteed income when using it.
A truck tractor, the price of which is formed taking into account the year of manufacture and technical condition, can cost from 320,000 to 1,800,000 thousand rubles. New truck tractors are rated on a different scale. Their cost is determined depending on the configuration. When choosing a vehicle, knowledgeable specialists prefer Volvo, Scania and Iveco tractors. These cars have proven themselves well during their existence.
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