Starter ZIL-130: specifications, device, principle of operation

2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:41

In any car, an engine start system is provided. it serves to rotate the engine at a speed at which it can be started. The system includes several components, among which the starter is an integral part. ZIL-130 is also equipped with it. Well, let's pay more attention to this element.

Purpose and device

So, what is this mechanism for? The starter is needed to create the necessary torque of the crankshaft when starting the engine. The mechanism is powered by a car battery. The design of the ZIL-130 starter includes:

• Case.
• Moving and fixed relay contact.
• Anchor.
• Relay coil.
• Drive gear.
• Protective cover.
• Gear travel adjusting screw.
• Lever.
• Thrust ring.
• Drive and freewheel clutch.
• Val.
• Protective tape.
• Starter cover.
• Collector.
• Excitation winding.

Let's see how this mechanism works.

Working principle

The workflow of the ZIL-130 starter can be divided into several stages:

1. Connecting drive gear to flywheel.
2. Starting the starter.
3. Disconnecting the gear from the flywheel crown.

The working cycle of the mechanism itself is short-lived. This mechanism is not involved in the subsequent operation of the motor, but only contributes to its launch. If we consider the principle of operation of the ZIL-130 starter in more detail, it will look like this:

• The driver inserts the key into the ignition switch and turns it to the start position. Next, the electricity is transmitted from the battery to the ignition switch, and then to the ZIL-130 starter traction relay.
• The overrunning clutch gear engages with the flywheel crown. At the same time, the circuit is closed and 12 V is applied to the electric starter motor.
• The gear starts to turn. Thus, the crankshaft speed increases. When the revolutions are about 300 per minute, the engine begins to "grab" and starts. At this moment, the gear with the electric motor is disconnected (due to the operation of the overrunning clutch - it is she who disconnects the connection) and the flywheel rotates without her help. Electricity is no longer supplied to the starter. It remains in the off position until the next start.

Mechanism features

What type of starter is installed on the ZIL-130? Gearbox mechanisms have always been installed on Soviet trucks.type. The ZIL-130 was no exception. The gear starter includes a planetary gear, which consists of several gears.

They all fit in the mechanism case. thanks to the planetary gear, the torque required to turn the shaft increases. What is remarkable about this type of starter? The gear mechanism has a higher efficiency factor. It also consumes less current when starting the engine cold. The gear starter installed on the ZIL-130 has compact overall dimensions. At the same time, it retains all performance characteristics in the event of a drop in the starting current of the battery.

Specifications

Starter car ZIL-130 brand "BATE" has the following overall dimensions. The length is 32 centimeters, the width is 18, the height is 15 centimeters. The mass of the gear starter is 9.2 kilograms. The starting power of the mechanism is 300 watts. Rated power can reach up to 1800 watts. The voltage required for operation is 12 volts. The minimum battery capacity required for the starter to work is 90 Ah. The current of the holding winding is 11 amperes, the current of the retracting winding is 36. The size of the drive gear module is 3 millimeters. The number of teeth of the starter drive gear is 9. The angle from the profile is 20 degrees.

Connection diagram

Connecting the ZIL-130 starter is quite simple. So, the mechanism has four outputs.

The first is the connection of the ZIL-130 starter relay. The second output goes topull-in coil. The third is an additional resistance terminal. When using an additional relay, this output is not connected. The fourth is the supply of positive voltage from the battery.

Starter maintenance

For stable and long-term operation of this mechanism, it is necessary to perform regular maintenance. Inspection of the condition should be carried out every 16 thousand kilometers (when performing TO-2):

• The tightness of the wires to the terminals of the battery and starter is checked.
• The bolts of the mechanism to the engine are being tightened.

At every fourth TO-2, the following operations are performed:

• The starter is dismantled and blown with dry compressed air from the contained dust. In case of severe contamination, the mechanism is disassembled in detail for cleaning.
• The collector is being examined. Its working surface should not be burnt and have mechanical damage. If there is a burn, the element is wiped with a rag previously moistened with gasoline. Also, the collector is cleaned of dust (if any). If the collector is seriously burnt, the traces can be cleaned with fine-grained sandpaper. The finish is 1.25. The minimum diameter of the mechanism after processing is 38 millimeters.
• The starter brushes are being checked. They should move freely in the brush holders, without any jamming. The height of the brushes is also replaced. Measurement is carried out from the working surface to the point of contact of the springs. Ifthe height is less than seven millimeters, the ZIL-130 starter is being repaired. In this case, this is the replacement of brushes with new ones. If necessary, tighten the screws that secure the brush tips to the brush holders.
• Checking the state of the relay contacts. The contact box must be free of dust. Otherwise, it is cleaned. If the contacts are burnt, they are carefully cleaned with a file, and then with fine-grained sandpaper. In case of wear of the contact bolts in the area where they come into contact with the disk, the elements are scrolled by a key 180 degrees.
• The nature of the movement of the drive along the armature shaft is checked. If the element is difficult to move, it should be cleaned of dirt. This is done using the same rag that was soaked in gasoline. The drive is then lightly lubricated with machine oil.
• The gap between the thrust ring and the gear is measured. It should be between one and two and a half millimeters with the relay armature fully extended.

How is the clearance between thrust ring and gear adjusted?

If the clearance is not correct, the following operations must be performed:

• Remove the jumper that connects the bolt on the starter housing to the relay.
• Unscrew the four screws and remove the relay from the cover on the drive side. The anchor and the adjusting screw itself are also removed. The latter, in the case of a high clearance, is screwed in by one or more turns. With a small gap - on the contrary, it gets out. One turn of this screw movesgear relative to the armature axis by 1.7 mm.
• Next, it is installed in place of the relay. To do this, move the lever towards the body. The axis of the screw earring must freely enter the lever. The relay is installed in place and all four bolts are tightened.
• The jumper is put in place. It should be tightened.
• Check clearance and adjust again if necessary.

Conclusion

So, we found out what the starter on the ZIL-130 is, how it works and is serviced. This mechanism is quite reliable. If regular maintenance is carried out, the starter will not require major repairs.