Turbines Garrett: characteristics, principle of operation, repair

2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42

Almost all modern car models in the design of engines allow the installation of special turbocharger equipment. Garrett turbines are widely used. The installation of such equipment is capable of increasing the rate of forced air up to 15%. This happens due to the use of ball bearings in the design instead of bronze bushings.

garrett turbines

A typical modern air-injected engine is capable of delivering up to 60 horsepower per liter of its displacement. They are intended for movement, mainly in the city, while the real power and speed are limited. It is worth knowing that the design of the engine is capable of more.

If you increase the pressure of the air supplied to the combustion chamber to one atmosphere, then the power produced by the engine can increase by almost 100%. It is possible to increase the air supply with turbines. But with such experiments with improved powerdo not forget that temperature indicators will increase, overheating of the main components is possible.

Garrett turbine manufacturer Garrett Motorsport recommends heavy duty components and replacement parts.

Working principle

Turbochargers work on the basis of energy from exhaust gases. The escaping hot exhaust gases spin the garrett turbine impellers and, accordingly, the compressor blades, since they are located on a common shaft. The compressor, in turn, pumps compressed air into the combustion chamber, while increasing power characteristics without increasing engine size and speed. Fuel consumption is thus significantly saved.

With the increase in compressed air during combustion, there is an increase in temperature. Designers, in order to avoid this phenomenon, have developed high-octane fuel. Additionally, a cooling device is added to the design to reduce the temperature of the discharged air.

Features

Garrett turbines feature a number of qualities:

• double ball bearings are used in the design of the turbochargers;
• Turbine casing and impeller are cast from a material with a high nickel content, which increases strength;
• capable of being used in extreme operating conditions;
• most designs use external and internal wastegate;
• compared to analogues, these turbochargers last several times longer;
• using these turbines increases fuel efficiency.

Diagnosis and repair

Garrett turbine failure can be identified by the following signs:

1. Significant reduction in car engine power, as well as the appearance of black smoke from the exhaust pipe. This is due to reduced air flow.
2. Increase in oil consumption, the appearance of blue smoke from the exhaust pipe. This is due to oil getting inside the combustion chamber.
3. The appearance of extraneous noise. This is due to a malfunction of the turbine impellers.

There are several ways to diagnose the performance of turbochargers:

1. Visual check of impellers. They should not have cracks, bends or nicks.
2. Determination of shaft backlash in both vertical and horizontal planes. It is worth remembering that backlash is strictly not allowed.
3. Perform progazovka and feel the pipe leading to the engine. There must be some pressure in the nozzle.

To avoid damage during operation, it is worth remembering that improper installation and carelessness can lead to incorrect operation of the garrett turbine. The manufacturer recommends that technical inspection and maintenance be carried out by a professional technician only to avoid imbalance made by the manufacturer.