Car maintenance is an objective necessity. What is included in the current car repair

2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42

Maintenance and routine repairs of vehicles are economically necessary actions, since it is not advisable to stop the operation of equipment due to a breakdown of one or another unit and unit. And the failure of various mechanisms occur constantly due to the characteristics of operation, weather conditions and other aspects. Work on the current repair of the car should not stop throughout its entire service life, only such a condition will allow the mechanism to serve for many years without stopping for major repairs.

Views

During the operation of wheeled-tracked vehicles, you need to know what is included in the current car repair:

• disassembly of components and mechanisms;
• assembly after repair;
• locksmith's work;
• welding;
• painting body parts anddetails;
• replacement of failed parts and mechanisms.

Current repairs do not involve the replacement of the main unit or mechanism, for example, a motor or gearbox, only their components.

When produced?

The purpose of current car repairs is to prevent the mechanism from becoming seriously worn out, leading to failure. For example, it is necessary to regularly change the rings on the engine pistons, if this is not done, then the combustion chamber sleeve becomes unusable, and this accordingly leads to major breakdowns of the entire unit.

Thus, the current car repair is a timely minor replacement of components, carried out as they fail. The need is determined in the course of a scheduled inspection of the machine, diagnostic procedures and verbal complaints from the operator or driver. Each fleet has a maintenance schedule for each type of transport. According to the results of scheduled maintenance, the repair of those components and parts that have passed the scheduled mileage is assigned.

Where is it produced?

Current repair of a car is its incomplete disassembly, removal of components and parts from the car with their subsequent replacement. Such work can be carried out in the carpool garage, at specialized service stations or by the owner himself in his personal workshop.

At the main site of the service station, a complete vehicle is being repaired, as well as the removal and installation of components and mechanisms on it.

At auxiliary sitesrepair of an already removed unit is being carried out. For example, a workshop for gearboxes, steering columns, brake systems and other units. In this case, the engine is serviced in another workshop, the cooling system in the third, and so on.

Methods of implementation

At a large car company such as a taxi fleet or a special equipment depot, current repairs can be non-personalized or aggregate. In the first case, the car is always in the workshop, while all its units and assemblies are kept as components of their own car and are simply being repaired. During aggregate repair, the mechanisms and systems that have become unusable are replaced with previously restored ones, and the old ones are sent to auxiliary sites for further actions. This technique reduces the downtime of the vehicle, which means that the losses of the enterprise are reduced.

What is needed to conduct?

Specialized equipment for current car repairs. Not all workshops can boast of its presence. Although it should be on the balance sheet of even the smallest garage that produces MOT cars.

It is divided into 4 groups:

1. Handling and transport group of mechanisms.
2. Diagnostic and adjustment equipment.
3. Assembly and disassembly tools.
4. Repair equipment.

Every workshop must have a hydraulic jack,presented in the widest range, from small, for lifting one side of the machine, to large, capable of lifting the entire machine. The last group includes electrical lifting devices.

There must be a mobile crane in the workshop to remove the engine. Usually this device is mounted on a trolley, which allows you to move the removed engine around the workshop. A mobile crane on wheels is capable of lifting loads up to 1 ton, which is quite enough to service passenger vehicles.

Welding machines, hydraulic presses, lathes and compressor units must be on site.

There should also be a battery workshop stocked with chargers and a supply of sulfuric acid and distilled water.

A large workshop usually has an engine analyzer with an oscilloscope, a voltmeter, a chopper angle meter, a tachometer, an ohmmeter, a gas analyzer, and a few more instruments. This stand will allow you to diagnose the engine removed and disconnected from the car.

As for special hand tools, sets of wrenches and bolt guns are assembled depending on the model range of serviced vehicles or special. technique.

How's it going?

Car maintenance is an orderly movement of the mechanism through the workshops of the enterprise. First of all, the car gets to the receiver, where an order is issued. This document indicates the planned work with the car and the prices for them according to the price list.

Car with full outfitgets to the dispatcher, directing the car directly to the site that is needed, according to the planned work. The same dispatcher makes a request to the warehouse for the issuance of the necessary spare parts, assemblies and mechanisms.

The foreman of the site where the car hit appoints locksmiths responsible for the repair. All specialists write down the results of their work in special journals.

If the current repair includes several positions, then after the first section, the car, in the direction of the dispatcher, goes to the second section, to another brigade. And so on until all the work is completed.

After the repair is completed in all areas, the car goes to the point of issue. There he undergoes inspection and verification of all work carried out, after which he is returned to the owner or put in the parking lot of cars ready for operation. At the same time, the settlement documentation, after being checked by the head of production, goes to the cashier for payment.

What is included in the contract?

Not every organization with its own fleet is capable of performing routine car repairs. It may not have the right tools, equipment, facilities, and expertise. Therefore, such enterprises enter into an agreement with workshops and car depots capable of carrying out maintenance of cars, their scheduled and overhaul.

The contract must include the following items:

1. Models and numbers of serviced cars.
2. Types of work and period of their implementation.
3. Volumes of ongoing work.
4. Deadline for each type of work.
5. Quality criterion and warranty period for cars.
6. Payment procedure.
7. Rights and obligations of the customer and service provider.

Delivery and payment for spare parts and replaceable components and assemblies for vehicles are negotiated separately.

Who can perform?

It is possible to conclude an agreement on current repairs only with workshops that have a number of permits. Firstly, this is a license obtained from the tax office to carry out maintenance and repair of cars.

Secondly, the workshop must have all regulatory and technical documents for serviced models of equipment. Thirdly, the workshops must have all the equipment necessary for the work. For example, so that the work stated in the contract is carried out in full, on the territory of the workshop without sending repaired components and mechanisms to third-party organizations. Since in this case, when a marriage appears, it will be problematic to find the culprit.

Major overhaul

Speaking of the current repair, you need to have an idea about the capital. It differs in that it includes work aimed at the complete restoration of all vehicle resources. Including basic mechanisms - engine, chassis, gearbox, body and special devices.

After a major overhaul of a car or other vehicle, it is transferred to the categoryzero mileage vehicles.

During the work, all components and mechanisms are disassembled and repaired, even if during operation, no violations were noticed in their operation.

Full painting of the vehicle body, a prerequisite for a major overhaul.

Most often, small components and elements are completely replaced with new ones. During a major overhaul, for example, of the fuel system, only the tank may remain unreplaced. Everything else - pipes, hoses, filters, a gasoline pump and even a carburetor - are replaced with new ones.

The engine gets new liners, camshaft, pistons, connecting rods, and in general the entire piston group. The body of the power mechanism itself remains old, even the engine head and flywheel are replaced.

In general, overhaul involves the complete replacement of some components and assemblies. This requires the right experts. Doing it yourself here is fraught with even worse problems.

Conclusion

Carrying out current car repairs at an enterprise or a large organization is a necessary condition for its existence. A machine or other vehicle is designed in such a way that during operation its units fail one by one. Each mechanism has its own lifespan. So, for example, the engine is designed for an average of 100,000 kilometers of uninterrupted operation, and the gearbox for almost 200,000 km. At the same time, brake pads, oil filters, antifreeze and other fluids need to be changed every 5000-7000 kilometers.

A car cannot break down abruptly overnight. Exactlytherefore, if the organization even has a small fleet of vehicles, it is obliged to find a workshop capable of carrying out routine maintenance and current repairs. The same applies to individual owners of personal vehicles. Moreover, this is a requirement of the state traffic inspectorate - the operation of a faulty vehicle is prohibited.