ZIL 130 engine, powerful and reliable

2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:41

Engine ZIL 130, eight-cylinder, gasoline, internal combustion. It consists of a cast-iron block, eight pressed sleeves made of gray fine-grained cast iron, two aluminum heads with valves, a forged steel crankshaft with eight crank and five bearing journals, which have been factory hardened to a depth of 4-6 mm, taking into account three repair dimensions to decrease at bore. All crankshaft journals are connected by pressure lubrication channels.

The rear of the crankshaft carries the flywheel, which is mounted on four bolts and communicates with the starter bendix. The internal bore on the crankshaft flange under the flywheel is made to press in the gearbox input shaft bearing. Between the flywheel flange and the cheek of the eighth crank there is a double shoulder for the oil seal sealing the engine oil system. On the front end of the crankshaft, three oil deflector washers, a valve timing gear, two front oil deflector washers, a belt pulley and a ratchet are mounted. When installing the crankshaft in the cylinder block, five pairs of mainliners, the lower ones fit into the sockets and the crankshaft is lowered from above. Then, reciprocal liners are filled into the covers of the main journals, after which the covers can be installed in place and bolted. The ZIL 130 engine can only be assembled manually, neat and thoughtful. The pistons must be connected to the connecting rods using steel pins, which are pressed into the piston cheeks with a slight interference, while passing through the bronze bushing in the connecting rod head. Retaining rings are inserted into the piston on both sides to secure the pin.

When all eight pistons are connected to the connecting rods, it is possible to insert them one by one into the cylinders and put the lower connecting rod head on the crank, having previously placed the liner in both the connecting rod head and the cap. On eight-cylinder engines, the principle of displacement of connecting rod heads applies, and the ZIL 130 engine belongs to this type of engine, so you need to be very careful about the further assembly scheme. The slightest mistake is fraught with damage to the connecting rods when starting the engine. To facilitate the passage of pistons with mounted rings into the cylinder, it is necessary to use a special mandrel that overcomes the elasticity of the compression rings and forces them into the cylinder. This operation requires attention as the lower oil scraper ring is made of cast iron and is very brittle and may break.

After all the pistons are in the cylinders, and the lower connecting rod heads are assembled on the crank, the bolts are tightened and locked, it is necessary to install the oil pump. It's fastenedbolts to the bottom of the block. The pump is installed and now you can mount the engine tray. This is a critical operation, since the pallet is made of stamped steel and when landing it in place, a gasket of soft material like cork should be laid. Of all the engines of the YaMZ plant, the ZIL 130 engine is structurally the most accurate, which means that its assembly requires special attention. All bolts around the perimeter should be tightened evenly so that the sump flange is firmly pressed at all points. After some time, it is necessary to tighten all the bolts again.

So, the entire lower part of the engine is assembled and the next step should be to install the gas distribution mechanism. Since this process is very responsible, it must be performed by a qualified minder, and after assembling the camshaft, installing the valve rocker pushers and tightening the bolts, valve adjustment will be required. But before that, you need to install both heads of the block. If the head is already assembled with valves, then it sits on an asbestos-steel gasket, which is prudently laid on the cylinder block. Then the head mounting bolts are screwed in and tightened in a strictly defined order, in accordance with the assembly diagram. The tightening torque of the bolts also has its own value and should not exceed it. Therefore, tightening should be done with a torque wrench. After assembling, adjusting the valves and checking all the valve timing, it remains to cover the engine with two sealed casings that are tightly screwed to the cylinder heads, closing the valvemechanisms.

ZIL 130 car, the engine of which is assembled without violations, can work for more than one year without repair. And if one is still needed, then the technical characteristics of the ZIL 130 allow the use of a number of unified spare parts. The general data of the car engine includes: cylinder displacement - 6 liters, compression ratio 7.5 in the new piston group, cylinder diameter 100 mm, piston stroke 95 mm, engine weight 490 kg, power 150 hp