UAZ dispenser ("loaf"): device, principle of operation and reviews

2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:41

Practically all Ulyanovsk-made SUVs are equipped with a transfer case. UAZ ("loaf") is no exception. Despite the unsightly appearance, this car is capable of much. This is a favorite car of hunters, fishermen, lovers of tourism. The UAZ dispenser (“loaf”), the device of which we will consider in this article, is necessary to distribute the torque to all axles and drive mechanisms. In today's article, we will talk about it.

Dispenser UAZ-452

The transfer case of UAZ-452 vehicles consists of drive shafts for drive axles, an intermediate one, and five gears. All these nodes are in the crankcase, cast iron. Its connector is perpendicular to the axes of the shafts. The bulk of the parts are in connection with the crankcase cover. When assembling / disassembling the box, they are clearly visible. They are easy to remove or install.

The kinematic scheme of this assembly is such that the gears are only activated when the front drive axle is connected. If only the axle is engaged, all the torque taken from the gearbox input shaft will be transmitted to the rear drive shaft. The end of the gearbox output gear is used as the drive shaft.

Rear axle drive shaft

What does the UAZ dispenser consist of, what are the features? This shaft is mounted on two ball bearings. To protect the element from axial movement, it is held by a rear bearing with a thrust ring and a cover. A gear is attached to the front of the shaft. Its inner crown has slots. The function of this gear is to drive the front drive axle. The internal splines are required to engage direct gear in the transfer case.

A screw-type gear is also installed on the splines between the bearings. It serves as a drive for the speedometer. The rear part of the shaft is connected to the cardan shaft through a flange with a nut with a conical protrusion. If this nut is tightened, its conical protrusion will bend into one of the grooves that are threaded and lock.

Intermediate shaft

This item is also held in the box by two bearings. Roller is used as the front. It is of the radial type. The clip, in which the rollers are located, is pressed into the body. It is hidden by a cover. The inner race is mounted directly on the shaft. The second bearing (rear) is held on the intermediate shaft with a nut. Elementequipped with a thrust ring, which serves to fix it, as well as to fix the shaft in the housing. The outer part of the bearing is equipped with a cover. The intermediate shaft is a single piece with the underdrive gear. It also has slots for installing gears. It allows you to engage the rear drive axle.

UAZ dispenser ("loaf") - front axle drive shaft device

This gearbox is also equipped with this shaft. It is installed in the mechanism on two supports. The latter are ball type bearings. To fix the shaft in the direction of the axis, a rear bearing is fixed on it. It is installed in the same way as the one on the intermediate shaft.

The front support in the box body is not fixed. The element is clamped on the shaft by means of the cardan shaft flange. The drive element of the front axle is a one-piece part with a gear. The front has slots. Using them, the shaft is connected to the flange on the cardan shaft.

Gears

What other elements does the handout consist of? UAZ (“loaf”), the transfer device of which is described in the article, is equipped with gears with a straight tooth. The presenter has the ability to move along the splines on the gearbox output shaft. This gear has two crowns. One is an involute type spline. They are used to connect direct transmission through the inner ring of the drive shaft of the rear drive axle. When the driver downshifts, this gear will engage with the one on theintermediate shaft.

What else is special about this handout? UAZ, the transfer device of which we are now considering, is equipped with a gear to turn on the front axle of the car. It is planted in such a way that it can move on splines located on the intermediate shaft. When the front axle is disengaged, the pinion is disengaged from the shaft. At the same time, it is engaged with the drive shaft of the rear axle. This feature greatly facilitates gear shifting and contributes to better lubrication. When the intermediate shaft rotates, the gear sprays oil on all nodes.

UAZ dispenser housing

The crankcase, as well as its cover, are connected to the box with studs and nuts. Holes for connection are located around the perimeter. Their accuracy and compatibility is ensured by two tubular type pins. Process the crankcase and its cover together. These parts cannot be exchanged for others from other crankcases. The front has a precision machined surface and a flange for mounting the transfer case to the gearbox.

The crankcase has a top hole. A thrust glass is installed in it by pressing. The latter rests against the outer part of a double-row angular contact type bearing, which is mounted on the drive shaft. There is a hatch at the top of the crankcase. It closes with a lid.

The hatch is designed for mounting the power take-off mechanism. On the inclined surface of the crankcase, there is a hole on top for installing control levers, as well as rods for the control system of the transfer case.box. The hatch for filling and draining the lubricant is closed using conical type screw plugs.

Switch mechanism device

So, we looked at how the UAZ dispenser works. The transfer device is practically no different from the boxes on other cars. Now let's look at what the switching mechanism is.

So, the switching system consists of several main nodes. These are the shift fork rods, which are fixed in the crankcase cover with a locking plate. Also in the device there are plugs for turning on the front drive axle and those gears that can move along the rods. The bodies of the plugs have special sockets. Springs and detent balls are installed here.

In the process of moving along the stem, each of the forks is fixed on it with a special lock. On the lower parts there are special paws that fit into the grooves of the gears. On the upper parts there are rectangular recesses. With their help, the fork is connected to the levers for gear selection. What else is special about the distribution? UAZ (“loaf”), the gearbox of which we are considering, is made so that the shift levers are placed in separate covers. Parts are located on the inclined crankcase hatch and are attached to the stem with pins.

The front ends of the rod are equipped with fingers, with which they are connected to the rods. In the front part of the cover, the holes for the rods are sealed. In the back, they are closed with spherical plugs. Between the rods is a small ball. Heacts as a lock. The mechanism prevents the driver from downshifting until the front drive axle is connected. Thus, the UAZ dispenser (“loaf”) was made. Its device is not complicated. The mechanism is quite reliable and maintainable, according to reviews from car owners.

Dispenser Management

You can control the operation of the power take-off using levers. These levers in the cab are located to the right of the driver. There are two in total. The upper one is used to turn on and off the front drive axle. This lever only works in two positions. The top one turns the bridge on and the bottom one turns it off.

The lower one is needed in order to change gears. It can be set in three positions - the driver selects a direct gear, neutral (middle position) and reduced. Here's how the dispenser turns on. UAZ ("loaf"), the device of the box of which we examined, has one more feature. It should be noted that the front axle is intended only for the operation of the vehicle in difficult conditions. It can be mud, sand, snow and any other situation.

Operation problems

Beginner drivers may have difficulty with a UAZ car ("loaf"). The problems when turning on the front axle are due to the fact that many simply do not know how this mechanism really works. At the moment of overcoming difficult sections, wheel hubs should be included. After turning them to the 4WD position, the front axle will only engage after the wheel has done 1.5turnover without slipping.

Maintenance and repair

This is what a UAZ dispenser (“loaf”) is. The device, its repair is simple, and it is unpretentious in maintenance, as evidenced by the reviews of the owners. It is recommended to regularly check the oil level and inspect each fastener. It is also necessary to lubricate the lever axles and adjust the front links. This box has no more settings.

The transfer box of the UAZ-452 car is very popular among lovers of off-road vehicles. Reviews about her are only positive. It is extremely easy to repair and maintain, and spare parts are still available.