Asynchronous motor device, its application

2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42

Asynchronous AC motor transforms electrical energy into mechanical energy. It is the most common in the industry. The engine device is quite simple, it works with direct current.

Engine device. Consists of three parts: housing, stator and rotor.

The housing serves as protection for the rotor and stator from various damages and environmental influences. Rigidly fixed parts are mounted in it.

The stator is the fixed part of the engine. The main parts are: magnetic core and frame. In the engine frame, a pressed magnetic circuit forms a stator (electromagnetic core). Due to the nucleus, a magnetic field is formed, which is rotational. An air gap separates the rotor and stator.

Rotor is the moving part of an electrical machine.

Due to the rotation of the magnetic field and the conductor located inside, an interaction occurs, on which the principle of operation of an asynchronous motor is based. The stator creates a rotating magnetic field and is fixed motionless. The starter itself is a core made of steel, on which there is a winding fixed in special grooves.

The magnetic field, when crossing the rotor winding, forms an EMF inside. As a result of this action, a current flows in the winding, which interacts with the magnetic flux. When the magnetic field of the stator interacts with the current in the rotor, a torque is formed. The rotor rotates in the same direction as the fields, but with a small lag.

As a result of the entry of electrical energy from the network into the stator winding, it turns into mechanical energy.

The number of plus pairs determines the engine speed.

The device of an asynchronous motor divides them into two types: with a phase and squirrel-cage rotor. They differ in the design of the rotor. The starting winding of the squirrel-cage is made of rods, which consist of aluminum or copper, and are closed on both sides of the rotor by two rings. In the phase motor winding is connected by a "star".

The engine device can be of different protection:

Protected - equipped with a device that prevents accidental contact with live or moving parts. Does not allow foreign objects to penetrate inside. Cooling occurs at the expense of the environment.

Splashproof, protects against water droplets that fall perpendicularly or at an angle of forty-five degrees. Such a device does not prevent the penetration of dirt and dust.

Closed, in which the internal parts are protected from external influences (drops, dust).

Dustproof,protects against the penetration of even fine dust.

Closed ventilated, which is blown from the outside by the ventilation system. The fan is located outside and covered with a casing.

Sealed, is a very strong protection against penetration from the outside.

Induction motor control is carried out using sensors that regulate the speed of the rotor. The simple design of the engine made it possible to use it not only in production, but also in everyday life.