2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42
VAZ-2114 is equipped with a modern injection engine. The operation of the power unit is fully controlled by the ECU (electronic engine control unit or "brains" of the machine). It is he who is responsible for the timely supply of fuel to the manifold, sparks to ignite the mixture, he is responsible for the stable operation of the engine in all modes. Let's find out how the "brains" of the VAZ-2114 work, what types they are, where the computer is located, what malfunctions the owner may encounter, how to diagnose this device. This information will be useful for every car owner.
Description
A microprocessor is used as the main device of the VAZ-2114 ECU. Its main task is to fully control all engine systems when it is started and during operation in different modes and under different loads.
The electronic system, according to a certain algorithm, collects all the data from the sensors into a single whole, and thenprocesses them. The "brains" of the VAZ-2114 work with this data in order to give an adequate response to any changes in the car's systems, and then correct the operation of all systems to the norm set by the manufacturer.
The electronic control unit also controls the actuators in the car. This is a ventilation, power, ignition, diagnostics, and idle system.
ECU memory structure
"Brains" VAZ-2114 are characterized by a three-stage memory system. Each cascade is distinguished by the presence of separate working modules. Consider them in detail:
RAM cascade is a familiar word for those who understand the device and the principle of operation of the PC. The functions of RAM (random access memory) in this case are also nothing new. The above cascade is a block of ordinary RAM, where the current working sessions are processed
PROM block (programmable read-only memory) is a long-term memory in the VAZ-2114 ECU. The system contains data on when the driver needs to undergo maintenance. Fuel maps, previous calibrations, control algorithms are also stored here. Also in this block of the “brains” of the VAZ-2114, the main firmware is saved. The information in this cascade will never be erased. If we draw an analogy with a computer, then this is a device for permanent storage of data, they will never be deleted from here. When flashing the "brains", changes are made here
The next stage is EEPROM (electrically reprogrammable memory). It's separatemodule. Its main function is to control the operation of anti-theft systems. The section stores encodings, passwords, methods and features of synchronizing information between the EEPROM and the immobilizer in the car. If suddenly, for some reason, the data packets do not match, the car engine will not start
Each module is a separate block. The connections between them are made in the same way as on the computer motherboard.
Where is the control box
According to the design features of the car, the “brains” of the VAZ-2114 are under the torpedo. To dismantle the electronic unit for repair or flashing, you must first disassemble the tunnel. This can be done by unscrewing a few screws from the side of the passenger seat. From there it is very convenient to pick up the plastic panel itself. When the dismantling is completed, you will see a hole through which you can easily reach the computer. It is fixed on a metal retainer.
Further, for the final dismantling of the device, it is necessary to grasp the latch and support the control unit. After that, unscrew the bolt and carefully pull out the control unit housing. You should de-energize the car's on-board network in advance.
Short circuits are the enemy of any electronic device. But this car is a special case. When dismantling, you need to remove not only the mass, but also the positive terminal. The ECU is expensive, it is very sensitive to short circuit.
You need to be prepared for the fact that on a used carsometimes the ECU in a regular place may be absent. Where are the "brains" of the VAZ-2114 located if they are not in the right place? The owner will have to look for this block.
Types of ECUs
VAZ-2114 - the car is already quite old. But time has not passed for the model in vain. Engineers and electronics specialists constantly worked to improve their offspring. This also applies to the control unit. A total of eight generations of ECUs were produced. They differed not only in their technical characteristics, but also in the manufacturer.
The owner may be wondering what "brains" are on the VAZ-2114. To find out, just visually look at the block body. It has a marking on it. It encodes the ECU model number. It is enough to compare what is written on the block with the factory tables. Then it will become clear what is installed in the car.
"January-4" and GM-09
If the ECU is marked 2114-141020-22, then this is the January-4 model. If the last characters are 10, 20, 20, 21, then the car owner is dealing with the GM-09 control unit. These are the very first versions of the ECU for these cars. The machines were equipped with these blocks until 2003. They differ among themselves by some sensors under the EURO-2 standard. On the market, such "brains" can be bought at a price of up to six thousand rubles.
Bosch М1.5.4, "Itelma 5.1", "January 5.1"
If Bosch firmware is installed on the car, then the following symbols can be seen on the body - 21114-1411020. If the numbers2114-1411020-70, 71, then it's "Itelma". If the last digit is 72, then it is "January 5.1". These are second generation blocks, which are already more universal solutions that are found on the VAZ-2113 and 2115.
As for the principle of operation of the "brains" of the VAZ-2114 for 8 valves, the ECU is completely identical. These blocks were installed on cars even after 2013, as the device turned out to be very successful. After 2013, the modification "January 5.1" began to be produced in three versions. The main differences were in injection control. ECU from "Itelma" and "January 5.1" today can be bought at a price of eight thousand rubles. The Bosch ECU was installed mainly on export cars, but they are offered at about the same price.
Bosch M 7.9.7 and "January 7.2"
"January" was installed in a large number of models, depending on the size of the engine and the type of configuration. For example, on a 1.5-liter eight-valve engine, ECUs from Avtel were installed, having a stamp of 81 and 81 hours. The same “brains”, but from Itelma, were marked with stamps of 82 and 82 hours. "Bosch" was installed on export cars. The marking of such ECUs is as follows: 80 and 802 for EURO-2 and 30 for EURO-3.
The 30th Bosch ECU series was also installed on 1.6-liter power units. Since the software was originally developed for volume 1.5, there were significant failures or the system completely failed. Therefore, later they released a special package marked 31h.
Cars with engines 1, 6 made for the domestic market were equipped with blocks from Avtel and Itelma. The first series from Avtel were marked 31. She had the same mistakes as the Bosch 30th series. Later, the flaws were eliminated in version 31h. Due to problems with competitors, car owners preferred blocks from Itelma. A successful series was released under the label 32.
The cost of a new block of these generations is now about eight thousand rubles. If you need a block that was in operation, then you can find it on the car market at a price of up to four thousand rubles.
January 7.3
This model, manufactured by Itelma, is marked 11183-1411020-02 with the firmware of the “brains” VAZ-2114 Euro3. Avtel produced ECUs for Euro 4. This generation is now the most common. All eight-valve cars produced after 2007 were equipped with it. New blocks of this series can be purchased at a price of eight thousand rubles.
Methods for diagnosing an electronic unit
Since the car is domestic, various breakdowns and failures are a fairly common phenomenon. If the “check” lights up, then you can’t do without the use of special devices for diagnostics. Even if there is a device, the diagnosis will take time.
Most of all, the owners praise the ELM-327 device. It is easy to use and will allow you to erase errors from the computer memory, andalso flash the “brains” on the VAZ-2114. Most car owners immediately remove it, if any. But this is the wrong approach. There is no mistake that just happens.
If you remove them, the car will not be fully functional. In addition, the removal of symptoms can lead to more dire consequences. But it also happens that the ECU does not respond to requests from diagnostic equipment at all and gives an error that cannot be found. In this case, inspect the case for damage, then check the fuse and unit for overheating. In case of serious mechanical damage and deformation, the electronic device must be replaced.
Conclusion
We examined what the "brains" on the VAZ-2114 are, studied what function they perform. As you can see, the ECU is the main electrical part in the car, the condition of which determines the operation of the engine and all other units.
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