2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42
Power steering is a device that serves to reduce the gear ratio of the steering mechanism. They facilitate the work of the driver's hands when parking and turning. Thanks to the hydraulic booster, the steering wheel of the car becomes so light that you can turn it with just one finger. And today we will devote a separate article to this mechanism in order to find out its structure and principle of operation.
What can they do?
Power steering not only reduces the effort applied by the driver to turn the steering wheel, but also absorbs all the shocks that are transmitted from the tires to the entire chassis when hitting a bump. This significantly reduces the load on all other suspension parts.
An interesting fact - a car equipped with a power steering system does not enter a ditch in case of a suddenwheel descent at speed. At the same time, a car without hydraulic booster becomes uncontrollable if a tire on the drive axle suddenly deflates. Thus, the power steering system provides you with additional safety when driving.
How does this mechanism work?
Power steering incorporates the following mechanisms:
- steering mechanism, which is combined with a hydraulic cylinder and a control spool assembly;
- pump with fluid reservoir;
- High and low pressure connecting pipes.
Working principle
If the vehicle is moving in a straight line, the power steering is inoperative. They are activated only after a certain rotation of the wheel. If the car drives straight, the fluid in the system circulates in a circle, that is, from the sediment goes back to the reservoir.
Only after the driver has turned the steering wheel, the hydraulic booster starts to operate. At the same moment, the torsion bar is twisted, as a result of which the spool rotates relative to the distribution sleeve. After opening the channels, the liquid enters one of the openings of the power cylinder. What kind of cavity it will be depends on the direction of rotation. At the same time, liquid is drained from another hole into the tank. Thus, the piston of the cylinder ensures the movement of the steering rack. The last part transfers forces to the steering rod, afterwhat causes the wheel to turn.
If the hydraulic booster is activated in a parking lot or when turning in a confined space, that is, when the vehicle speed is low, it works with the greatest performance. The power of effort depends on the pump motor. It receives a signal from the ECU, thereby opening the solenoid valve in the system. Accordingly, with an increase in fluid pressure, a greater force is created to turn the wheel. Therefore, the driver almost never makes additional efforts to turn the steering wheel.
How much does power steering cost? The price of this device is about 20-25 thousand rubles.
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