2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42
The internal combustion engine (abbreviated as ICE) was invented in the middle of the 19th century. Since then, a lot has changed. Currently, it is used in absolutely all production cars. This mechanism has been improved more than once, but the principle of operation of the internal combustion engine as such has remained the same.
There are four-stroke and two-stroke engines. In the latter, all cycles (direct fuel injection, expulsion of exhaust gases and purge) occur in two cycles per working revolution of the crankshaft. There are no additional valves in the structure of such mechanisms. The piston directly copes with their function, since during movement it alternately closes the inlet, outlet and purge holes. Therefore, the principle of operation of a two-stroke internal combustion engine is quite simple.
In theory, the power of a two-stroke product is twice that of a four-stroke one (due to the increased number of strokes). However, in practice this is notquite so. The principle of operation of an internal combustion engine is that due to the incomplete stroke of the piston, less intensive release of residual exhaust gas and some other factors, an increase in power is observed at the output by no more than 60 - 70 percent.
The engine works in two cycles. During the first stroke, the piston rapidly moves from the bottom to the top position. In the course of its movement, it blocks the exhaust and purge windows. At this point, there is a strong compression of the previously supplied fuel fluid. This is followed by the second beat. The principle of operation of an internal combustion engine is that compressed fuel is ignited by a candle. Under the influence of the gas expansion force, the piston is displaced towards the lower "dead" position. In this case, useful work is done. As soon as the piston descends enough to open the exhaust port, the exhaust gases are sent to the atmosphere. The pressure in the cylinder rapidly decreases, and the piston continues to move down by inertia. In the lower position, the purge hole opens and a new portion of the fresh combustible mixture enters from the so-called crank chamber, in which it is under pressure.
A two-stroke power unit is a fairly convenient mechanism. However, given the principle of operation of an internal combustion engine, it has its advantages. Compared to the four-stroke, it isless bulky, much easier to manufacture, does not require volumetric lubrication systems and gas distribution. This greatly reduces sample cost and maintenance costs.
This type of engine also has quite significant drawbacks that make it not the most efficient unit. Such devices are quite noisy and work much louder than their four-stroke counterparts. Four-stroke products, on the other hand, work with less vibration, since the principle of operation of a two-stroke type internal combustion engine makes it necessary to create a greater number of oscillatory movements. Fuel consumption per horsepower is 300 grams. For comparison, four-stroke models need only 200 grams of fuel.
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