Carburetor on the Gazelle: characteristics, device and adjustment

2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42

From the very beginning of the production of Gazelle cars, the manufacturer equipped them with the ZMZ-402 engine. But since 1996, the car was equipped with a ZMZ-406 engine. This is the engine known from the Volga car. On it, this engine is injection, but for the Gazelle it remained carbureted. Let's find out everything about the Gazelle carburetor. For owners of these cars with this engine, it will be useful to know.

K-151 D

For Gazelle vehicles with a ZMZ-406 engine, the manufacturer has provided a separate carburetor. It differs from the element for the Volga with a 402 engine. The carburetors also had different markings. For the Volga, the marking was K-151 C, and for the Gazelle it was K-151 D. Outwardly, both models of carburetors had no differences. There is a slight difference in the device, the nominal value of the jets and other technical nuances.

In the Gazelle carburetor, the nozzles of the accelerator pump supply fuel to two chambers, while for the Volgathe accelerator pump works only in the first chamber.

What are the disadvantages of this mechanism? The problem with this carburetor with the 406 engine is the huge fuel consumption. This is especially noticeable when the car is loaded (which is important for the Gazelles) and moves at a speed of more than 60 kilometers per hour. This problem exists and is widespread. Commercial vehicle owners are trying to solve it by any means possible.

Among the owners it is believed that this model is very capricious. The unit does not suit everyone, often many people refuse this device in favor of other models.

Device K-151

Let's consider the design of this mechanism. The device of the Gazelle 406 carburetor is relatively simple. The unit consists of several elements. It must be said that the carburetor has two chambers.

This instrument consists of several parts. This is the main body or middle part in which the float chamber is arranged. Next, there is a housing where the throttle valves are installed. Also in the device of the unit, you can highlight the top cover, it has a locking mechanism that allows you to adjust the amount of fuel in the float chamber. There is also an air damper in the cover, with its help you can start a cold engine.

Next, we can highlight the important systems of the Gazelle carburetor. This is the main dosing system and the idle system. GDS or the main metering system is very important, it is the main one in the process of preparing the fuel mixture for the main operating modes of the engine. GDS -these are two fuel jets and two air jets for the first and second chambers.

The idle system is required to ensure engine operation in idle mode when the main metering system is not engaged and is not running. This system consists of a bypass channel, jets - fuel and air, screws for adjustment - a screw for the quantity and quality of the fuel mixture. Also in the device, you can select a solenoid valve.

K-151 D carburetor is equipped with an accelerator pump. It is necessary so that the engine can work without any failures when it is necessary to accelerate sharply or when starting to move. The accelerating pump consists of additional channels in the housing, a ball valve and sprayers.

There is an econostat in this carburetor. This system is needed to enrich the mixture when the engine is running at maximum loads. The econostat is additional special channels through which, due to rarefaction and open throttle valves, a portion of gasoline is supplied, which is designed to enrich the mixture.

There is also a transitional system. When the GDS has not yet entered into operation, and the throttle valve is ajar, the engine is powered by the transition system, and it can smoothly increase the speed. There are two transitional systems: for the first and second chambers.

Solex 21073

The fashionable trend was the installation of DAAZ Solex 21073 as a carburetor on the Gazelle. The unit could be bought in car dealerships with a special adapter for the GAZel air filter. But this trend did not last long. "Solex", which was supposed toreduced the appetite of the engine, got dirty too quickly, and the car had to be serviced often, which is a big problem for a commercial car.

In fact, it turned out that this carburetor on the Gazelle with a 406 engine consumed even more fuel than the factory K-151. However, the car was not moving. A typical problem for the Solex is the clogging of the idle jet. The engine did not want to idle. I had to clean the jet almost every day.

Connecting K-151

Solex did not suit the drivers. There was only one way out - it was repair, adjustment, refinement of the K-151. Therefore, let's consider connecting the Gazelle carburetor.

The unit has several fittings for connecting hoses. These are two fittings for hoses for supplying fuel and dumping excess back into the tank. There is also a fitting for the crankcase ventilation hose. Another one is needed to connect the economizer valve.

The first and second fittings are very important. It is impossible to mix up the hoses when connecting. The return hose has a built-in valve, and gasoline will not flow from the tank. The engine will not be able to start. Next, it is important to connect the pipe of the crankcase ventilation system if the engine is new. Gases under the influence of vacuum will enter the intake manifold and burn out there.

Idle economizer control hoses must be connected. You can’t turn them off - the motor will work unstably, and the power will also seriously decrease.

Optional is fittingrecirculation and corresponding valve. It only affects the environmental friendliness of exhaust gases. And not always the device can be installed on the car.

Adjustment

Let's consider the basic adjustments of the Gazelle carburetor. Like other carburetors, this model can be adjusted idle, fuel level, as well as adjust the operation of the starter.

This model resembles K-126 in its design, but 151 is an improved version. The design is more capricious in terms of customization. However, adjusting the idle speed is not that difficult, and the minimum engine speed can be easily set on the tachometer.

XX adjustment

The main of all available adjustments is the idle setting. It must be done on a warm engine. At the same time, the ignition system and all other systems of the power unit must be fully operational.

You need to start and warm up the engine. Next, unscrew the screw with a spring - this is the screw for the amount of mixture. Unscrew and quality screw. Turnover should go up. Then both screws are tightened in turn until the engine starts to run unstable.

What's next? Turns are added with the quantity screw, then the motor is again leveled with the quality screw. But the latter should be tried to be twisted as little as possible, although it is believed that it affects fuel consumption only at idle. Then, using the quantity screw, reduce the engine speed to normal according to the tachometer. After settingit is better to check the machine in operation at loads. If necessary, idle adjustment is carried out again.

Carburetor malfunctions

When operating a car, a variety of malfunctions can occur in the carburetor. You can identify them by certain signs. The engine will report a malfunction of the Gazelle carburetor with increased fuel consumption, black smoke from the exhaust pipe, unstable idling, poor dynamics and failures.

Engine may not rev. Often, characteristic pops will be heard in the manifold or in the exhaust pipe.

Causes of malfunctions

Among the causes of malfunctions, clogging of jets, as well as air and fuel channels inside the carburetor, can be distinguished. The carburetor itself is made of a special alloy, with excessive overheating, the body can be deformed, which can cause leakage of foreign air into the system. It is not uncommon for the locking mechanism in the float chamber to stop working properly.

Some struggle with fuel consumption by changing jets. Actually this is wrong. You can reduce the jets, but the engine will run on a lean mixture, which is also not very good. The wear of the jets themselves is a very rare situation. A common cause of most carburetor problems is blockages, dust, and dirt. Basic maintenance comes down to cleaning and tuning.

Which carburetor to put on the Gazelle?

Collective experience refutes the effectiveness of all the above carburetorsfor this car, and the best carburetor installed on the Gazelle is the K-126. At a flow rate of 12 liters, the car drives quite normally, while the engine does not choke. It is he who is advised to install by many car owners.