2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42
The high-voltage wire in a car is one of the most important components responsible for the operation of the ignition system. What is the main task of the spark plug wire? This is to ensure a stable transmission of electric current transmitted from the ignition module directly to the candles. The voltage on the ignition coil or on the ignition module can vary from 25 to 50 kV. Before sparking, this voltage must pass through this wire.
Requirements
There are certain requirements for spark plug wires. It is important that they have excellent insulating characteristics, be resistant to various temperature effects, and tolerate vibration loads normally.
Device
High-voltage wires have a simple device and practically do not differ from other types of cable products. There are two types of these products on the market. These are wires with copper core,which is located in the center of the cable and with a resistor or carbon core. In addition, products can have plastic or silicone insulation. The design is based on a copper core, which consists of a large number of thin wires. An insulating layer and a core are applied on top of it. These elements are topped with another protective layer of insulation. At the ends of the wires are contacts for connecting to candles and an ignition coil. They are reliably protected from any negative environmental influences. For this, special rubber caps are used. The most popular are plug wires in thick and rigid plastic insulation - they have a copper central core. These are quite durable products. As consumers note in their reviews, they are stable in operation. Car owners often carry these high-voltage wires with them as spares.
Ordinary wire
It features a center conductor made of copper or its alloys. From above, such a product can be covered with an insulating layer of rubber, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride. On top of the insulation there is another protective sheath. The latter protects the wire from the effects of fuel and lubricants. These wires are low resistance. It does not exceed 18-19 ohms. This cable is capable of withstanding voltages up to 25 kV. In order for the product to function normally, it is equipped with resistors to suppress electromagnetic interference and interference.
Special wires
Along with the usual VAZ spark plug wires, there are also special products. They differ in distributed parameters that perform the functionsuppression of electromagnetic radio interference.
This wire consists of metal copper wires. But as for the braid, a variety of materials can be used for its manufacture - nylon, cotton, linen and other materials. This braid is treated with graphite-containing, fluoroplastic, manganese-nickel or zinc lubricants and special impregnations. The peculiarity of these wires is that they are more elastic, are not exposed to high temperatures, and do not lose their characteristics even at extremely low temperatures. Zero-resistance wires, popular among motorists, can also be attributed to special wires. It is believed that they are more efficient and resourceful.
How to connect correctly?
The engine may triple, not start, run unstable. No need to immediately rush to measure compression and other parameters. First, check the location of the spark plug wires. And they are on the candles, in the area of the valve cover.
Sometimes they come with a coil assembly. Very often, the reason for the unstable operation of the motor is that the correct connection of these very high-voltage wires is not corny. The order of connecting the wires must be strictly correct. Each cylinder corresponds to a specific slot in the ignition module or on the distributor. There is a numbering on the body of the distributor and socket module. The order of the spark plug wires on VAZ injection models depends on the year in which the car was produced. So, on the VAZ-2114,that came off the assembly line before 2004 installed four-pin modules. For later models, three-pronged ones were used.
The order of operation of the cylinders is indicated on the engine block - this is 1-3-4-2. The wires are connected accordingly. If this is a distributor ignition system, then the nest of the first wire is found on it, and then the cord of the third cylinder is connected from it in the direction of rotation of the slider. Further - the fourth and second. The injection engine ignition module already has all the marks. It is simply impossible to confuse anything. Connecting spark plug wires is a very simple process. You need to turn off the ignition, and then remove the terminals from the battery. Next, remove the old wires - remove them from the sockets on the ignition module or on the distributor, and then dismantle them from the sockets on the engine block. New wires are connected according to the diagram.
Typical malfunctions
Wires can be a real problem for a car owner. Usually, their possible malfunctions are the last thing to think about. As for wire faults, current leakage or circuit breakage can be distinguished. Ruptures can occur due to careless handling, poor connection and oxides. Often a break occurs in the vein itself. A breakdown can occur due to old and worn candles, soot on them and the presence of oil that has got into the junction.
Current leaks can be caused by worn spark plugs, dirty wires, coils, broken wire insulation, orcaps. Often there are damage to the wires and in severe frosts. Although manufacturers claim that they can withstand exposure to cold weather without any consequences.
How often to change BB wires?
Candle wires on the recommendation of AvtoVAZ need to be changed every 30 thousand kilometers. In practice, these terms are rarely observed, since if the products are not damaged in any way, then about 100 thousand kilometers or more are easily nursed. But over time, the resistance of the wire increases, which does not have the best effect on the operation of the engine. Therefore, it is better to follow the manufacturer's recommendations and not ignore the timing of replacement.
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