2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42
Injector nozzles are mechanical devices designed to atomize fuel in injection and diesel systems. The supply of gasoline or diesel fuel is carried out under high pressure. Remarkably, on gasoline engines, spraying is carried out at a pressure of 3-5 atmospheres, while on diesel engines, injection is carried out at 1000-1200 atm.
What is it for?
This part performs several functions at once in the fuel supply system. Firstly, it doses the right amount of injected gasoline. Secondly, the nozzle atomizer (including KAMAZ-5460) performs the function of controlling and preparing the fuel jet. And thirdly, this device separates the injection system from the engine combustion chamber itself.
Often, modern diesel injector atomizers consist of one or two channels (nozzles), through which fuel is supplied to the outlet and then sprayed into the combustion chamber. A quality part should providesmooth cone-shaped liquid spray.
Varieties
Currently there are only two types of mechanisms:
- Pin devices.
- Multi-jet (pinless).
In the first case, pin nozzle sprayers are used in the mechanisms of vortex and pre-chamber diesel engines. Multi-jet devices are most often equipped with cars with direct fuel injection, including cars with Common Rail systems. Both mechanisms have their own design features, but their principle of operation and main function do not change.
Working algorithm
When the nozzle nozzles are in the open position, liquid is injected into the combustion chamber. A lot of factors depend on its quantity and quality of supply, ranging from engine power to fuel consumption. If the atomization is not done correctly, the car starts to smoke, lose momentum and at the same time consume more fuel. There is a constant coking of the nozzle, which can lead to its complete failure. The tightness of the device, which is in the closed state, is ensured by a tight fit of the needle tip into the seat of the atomizer body. When the nozzle nozzles are in the closed position, this needle is held by a special spring that acts from the shut-off cone on the side of the device. It is also worth noting that Common Rail injection systems use the pressure of the flammable liquid itself instead of a spring.
Before the fuel enters the combustion chamber, it is injected into the nozzle, after which it passes through special channels inside the atomizer (we talked about them at the beginning of the article). Gradually, fuel is injected into this device, as a result of which pressure is formed in the system. As soon as its value reaches the required value, the spray needle spring opens and the process of fuel injection into the cylinder begins. In this case, the rod of the opened device goes inside the guide channel in the nozzle body.
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