Refrigerators are Refrigerator on "Gazelle" (photo)

2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42

The delivery of goods is given special attention, especially when it comes to food and perishable goods. In this case, it is necessary to keep not only a presentable appearance for as long as possible, but also to ensure that the cargo does not lose its properties. Refrigerators are often used for this. This is the most optimal solution for today, if we are talking about some special conditions of transportation.

Refrigerator, what is it

Refrigerated vehicles are vehicles that are equipped with a special refrigeration unit and are able to regulate the temperature regime inside the body. Modern machines can create conditions with temperatures from +12 to -20 degrees. The main task during the use of this type of product is to create the necessary conditions for maintaining the goods in good condition, during transportation or during temporary storage. As a rule, a refrigerator is installed on trucks. This is because they have more engine power, which allows for normal andcontinuous operation of refrigeration equipment.

Design

The general structure of all machines is similar. As a rule, this is a car with a thermally insulated body. To achieve a similar effect, duralumin sheets are used as cladding. The refrigerator, the photo of which is presented below, is made of galvanized iron. An insulator is installed between the sheets, which can be used as foam plastic or a special foil made of aluminum with small air gaps.

Semi-trailers

The semi-trailer is made like most thermal vans. This is a cargo refrigerator with an isothermal body. In this option, sandwich panels are used, made of sheet metal using a foam insulator, or glass wool, or combined options that provide for the installation of both the first and second. Such machines are used for transporting perishable and frozen products, the defrosting of which is highly undesirable. Such cars are distinguished by the most reliable insulation, which can guarantee compliance with all temperature conditions.

The design is divided into three components:

- chassis (base machine);

- a body made of isothermal panels, or heat-insulating material;

- the refrigeration unit itself, or the compressor that performs its role.

In the CIS countries, there is a division of such semi-trailers into isothermal ones, based onof which ferrous metal and insulation, as well as thermal vans made of panels. In European countries, such a fundamental separation does not exist, but food is transported only in cars, the body of which is assembled from panels.

Temperature classification

There are several types of equipment, it all depends on the level of temperature maintained inside the empty car. There are 6 classes:

- "A" - class, which provides for maintaining the temperature by the refrigerator in the region from +12 to zero.

- "B" - from +12 to -10.

- "C" - from +12 to -20 inclusive.

- "D" - temperature is less than or equal to +2.

- "E" - operation mode is -10 or less.

- "F" - the same, only at -20.

The operation of such a machine must provide all the necessary conditions regarding the operating temperature for at least 12 hours, without additional maintenance, as well as other work not provided for by the operating parameters. The refrigerator is installed on the Gazelle because this truck has established itself as a fast and maneuverable vehicle. As a result, delivery takes less than 12 hours, which meets all temperature requirements.

Similar conditions and classifications were developed by European enterprises involved in the regulation of the transport of perishable goods.

Classification by performance

There are two main versions that distinguish refrigerators. This is a variant on the chassis of a semi-trailer or a tractor, together with inset floor panels made in the form of sandwiches. The second type of execution is on a specialized chassis, which is intended only for use with a ready-made load-bearing floor panel. The latter is attached directly to the chassis frame. The second option is distinguished by a slightly reduced total weight and increased carrying capacity. In some cases, to make the car lighter, the design is made semi-frame. This method is often used when it is necessary to install a refrigerator on a Gazelle.

This option also has its drawbacks, which should not be forgotten. The most important thing is that there is a risk of various kinds of cracks and deformations at the junction of the frame and the vehicle mounting platform.

Many manufacturers began to produce so-called modular designs. This option allows, if necessary, to disassemble the machine, leaving the frame, and use it for other work. After that - you can collect and operate again as a refrigerator.

During operation, special attention should be paid to the condition of the metal plating. If corrosion or other mechanical damage occurs, it will be very difficult to restore tightness. This requirement is put forward to the question of installing additional doors on refrigerators. This is convenient, but only when loading. If the machine will work with a refrigeration unit, it is better not to break the tightness, and alsobody thermal insulation. All items must match each other as well as the pre-declared temperature class.

When choosing the wall thickness, the manufacturer is guided mainly by the requirements of maintaining a given climate.

Specification by operating principle

There are only two options, into which refrigerators are divided. These are storage and machine cooling systems.

In the first version, special plates are used to maintain the required temperature, which are pre-filled with a special solution and then frozen. A separate external source is used to carry out such activities. Similar designs have become widespread for intracity movement of goods.

For long-distance and intercity transportation, machine cooling is installed. The so-called refrigerant is used as the working fluid. It circulates in a closed circuit, which includes a compressor, a special receiver, as well as a condenser and a control unit. During operation, heat is transferred to the external environment. It is worth noting that such options can also work in the reverse order - for heating. This is useful when transporting certain types of goods.