Car "Seagull": features, specifications, prices

2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:41

There were many legendary cars in the Soviet Union, most of which were produced in limited series, and were not available to the average person. The Chaika car is one of such representatives. The most popular modifications in this series were GAZ-13 (release from 1959 to 1981) and GAZ-14 (1977-1988). Consider the characteristics and features of vehicles.

GAZ-13

This model replaced the obsolete ZIM. The designers of the car "Chaika-13" used a separate X-shaped frame in the design, original for that time. The body was fixed at 16 points by means of rubber anti-vibration pads. The design turned out to be of a semi-supporting type, the load is perceived by all the power parts of the machine, including the sill boxes. This decision made it possible to significantly lighten the vehicle.

The car "Chaika" was larger than its predecessor, so the use of a supporting frame became impractical. In addition, the rigidity of the body was one of the problem areas of the car. As a result, the weight of the new model remained almost the same, while increasing the torsional value and durability of the structure.

For the first time, Gorky's designers introduced a four-chamber carburetor, hydraulic power steering, a vacuum analogue for brakes, power windows, a radio with an electric antenna. The power unit also became different. Instead of an in-line "six", a progressively assembled V-engine was installed.

Specifications in numbers

Car "Seagull" GAZ-13 has the following parameters:

• Body types - seven-seater sedan, phaeton or limousine.
• Layout - with front motor placement and rear-wheel drive.
• Transmission unit - automatic hydraulic gearbox for three modes.
• Length/width/height – 5, 6/2, 0/1, 62 m.
• Ground clearance - 18 cm.
• Wheel base - 3, 25 m.
• Front/rear track – 1, 54/1, 53 m.
• Total weight - 2, 66 t.
• Acceleration from 0 to 100 km - 20 seconds.
• Speed threshold - 160 km/h.
• Fuel tank capacity - 80 l.
• Fuel consumption per 100 kilometers - 18-21 l.

GAZ-14 modification: design

The car "Seagull" of this series was released to replace the 13th model due to the design update and the increase in the prestige of the luxury model. There is some similarity between the car in question and the American "colleagues" of the 50s of release. The updated limousine has acquired more stringent features and a number of design changes.

Some resemblance of the new generation car "Chaika" was observed with the "Chevrolet Impala". Transportthe tool lost its inflated forms, got a smooth windshield, massive wings, chrome parts. The car was produced in one color design - black gloss. Fog lights, chrome molding and similar rims with side flippers appeared in the equipment. The front of the car was decorated with four-level optics and an impressive grille.

Parameters and dimensions

According to the Soviet classification, Chaika 14th series cars belong to a large category. Vehicle highlights:

• Length/width/height – 6, 1/2, 02/1, 53 m.
• Curb weight - 2600 kg.
• Wheelbase - 3450 mm.
• Road clearance - 220 mm.
• The power unit is an eight-cylinder gasoline engine of the ZMZ type with a pair of carburetors.
• Working volume - 5526 cu. see
• Valve placement - top.
• Torque - 452 Nm.
• Max power rating is 220 horsepower.
• The cylinder block is made of aluminum alloy.
• The speed limit is 175 km/h.
• Fuel consumption - from 22 to 29 liters per 100 kilometers.
• Fuel used - AI-95 Extra.

Main Knots

The considered model of the car "Seagull" under the index 14 has become more powerful and more massive in weight. This required an improvement in the transmission unit. An automatic transmission with three modes and a hydraulic transformer was mounted on this version. rear axleequipped with a crankcase beam. The gear ratio of the main gear was 3.58.

In terms of the rear axle, the GAZ-14 has become a completely modernized version of the 13th assembly. Thanks to improvements, the center of gravity of the vehicle has decreased, and the stability of equipment at high speeds has increased. The frame is an X-shaped structure with a spinal configuration tunnel.

Front suspension includes a pair of wishbones, ball joints and rubber-metal joints. The rear analogue was transformed into springs with sheets, additionally improved shock absorption, increased comfort of movement and smoothness.

Dynamics

The service of the new release of the car "Seagull" involved the maintenance of a gearbox with longer speeds. The first and second modes received a gear ratio of 2.64 and 1.55, respectively. The third speed is direct action, the rear axle is shortened to 2.0. The short main pair is offset by wide wheels with 15-inch (9.35) tires.

The configuration of the automatic transmission is similar to the hydromechanical analogue of its predecessor. That, in turn, was an almost complete copy of the assembly from the American brainchild Cruise-Matic (operated on Fords). The selector on the casings of the transmission tunnel has also changed, the sequence for selecting shift ranges has been classified in the international format.

Features

Now the limousines in question can only be purchased on the secondary market, and even then it is not so easy. The cost of each copy depends on the technical condition and modification. The price of the Chaika car varies from one to four million rubles. It is worth noting that the quality of the metal of the cars is high, so there are not so many rusty specimens. In addition, it is unlikely that such models could roll a huge mileage due to their individuality.

Interesting facts

Three lines of this car were produced for the entire period of mass production of the GAZ-14. The most famous version is the GAZ-1405 phaeton. It was a parade car produced between 1982 and 1988. In total, 15 copies were collected, which participated in military parades as transport for top-level military officials.

Five "wagons" were also made. Their purpose is to transport the main persons of the country to medical institutions. The sanitary version was produced by the RAF plant under the index 3920.

One of the "medical" limousines was painted white instead of black. The Soviet government gave it to Cuban leader Fidel Castro.

The first modification of the GAZ-14 cherry color was designed in 1976 specifically for the birthday of the General Secretary of the Communist Party Leonid Brezhnev. The rest of the "Seagulls" were painted mainly in black, the interior equipment is presented in beige or gray-green.

Result

The above is what constitutes a legendary executive car"Gull". Perhaps this is one of the few Soviet-made cars, which was distinguished by the maximum level of reliability and comfort. Whether you need to purchase a similar model is up to you. It has more value as a museum or collector's piece than as a vehicle for daily use.