Tractor "Belarus-1221": device, specifications, description and reviews

2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42

Agricultural work is very labor intensive and energy intensive. To obtain the desired harvest, farmers are forced to make simply enormous efforts. Therefore, the question of the mechanization of work in the fields today is particularly acute. One of the faithful assistants in solving many issues of the modern tiller is the Belarus-1221 tractor. We will talk about it in more detail in this article.

Destination

The Belarus-1221 agricultural machine belongs to the second traction class and is one of the universal units designed to work with various trailed, mounted hydraulic and semi-trailer equipment. It is the possibility of using replaceable parts and assemblies that makes it possible to actively use the tractor in rural areas, in the construction of various facilities, in public services, in transport operations, and even at industrial facilities. Reviews indicate that "Belarus-1221" is able to work on any type of soil and indifferent climatic regions.

Positive qualities of the machine

Special attention should be paid to such advantages of the tractor as:

• Easy design.
• Excellent performance.
• High reliability.
• Uniformity of details.
• Low cost of spare parts.
• Economical consumption of fuel and lubricants.
• Possibility of quick diagnostics of a breakdown and short time for its elimination.
• Safe use within the ambient temperature range of -40 to +40 degrees Celsius.

Place of production

"Belarus-1221" began to roll off the assembly line in 1979 at a plant in Minsk. However, now the enterprise is actively developing and has opened several production shops in such Russian cities as Smolensk, Saransk, Yelabuga.

Classification

"Belarus-1221" in parallel with its standard version has two more modifications:

• MTZ 1221L is a specially designed model for the timber industry. Meticulously modified and modernized auxiliary elements enable this tractor to carry out the collection of whips, planting trees, loading, transporting and hauling timber.
• MTZ 1221V.2 differs from the standard model by the presence of a reverse control post.

Technical indicators

Tractor "Belarus-1221", the technical characteristics of whichlisted below, features a very simple and intuitive operation. So, among the main parameters are:

• Structural weight - 5783 kg.
• Operating weight - 6273 kg.
• The indicator of the maximum allowable weight is 8000 kg.
• Dimensions - 5220 x 2300 x 2850 mm.
• The clearance between the machine and the road surface is 480mm.
• Front tires -b420/70R24.
• Rear wheel tires - 18, 4R38.
• The fuel tank has a capacity of 170 liters.
• Travel speed is 35 km/h.
• Working travel speed is 15 km/h.
• Brake system - disc, functioning in oil.
• The hydraulic system contains a 32cc/rev gear pump
• Hydraulic system capacity - 25 l.
• Wheel formula - 4К4.

Power section of the tractor

Clutch "Belarus-1221" is friction, dry, double-disk, permanently closed. As for the gearbox of the machine, it is of a stepped type, with the ability to switch four gears located inside it. There are two reverse ranges and four forward ranges. The speed adjustment process optimizes the synchronizer.

The front drive axle is made with a self-locking high friction differential. The design of the bridge is of a portal type, planetary-bevel gears are available. The axle drive is built into the gearbox and has the form of a cylindrical gearbox and a hydraulically controlled friction clutch connected tocardan shaft.

The front axle control valve operates in three modes and activates the axle drive manually and automatically. Also, the crane disables the bridge and can turn it on even with the brakes on.

Motor and electrical equipment

The engine "Belarus-1221" is a six-cylinder four-stroke diesel unit of the in-line type D-260.2 with a turbocharger. This engine is characterized by extremely low fuel and oil consumption and fully complies with all modern requirements for the amount of emissions of harmful substances into the environment.

The motor has proven itself excellently while working with both domestic and foreign materials. Also, the engine is endowed with a huge supply of torque. We can safely say that in terms of its parameters, the tractor engine can confidently compete with the best imported analogues.

Rated power D-260.2 is 95.6 kW or 130 horsepower. The diameters of the cylinders installed in the engine are 110 mm. The engine is also equipped with a single-stage centrifugal compressor.

The on-board electrical system is rated at 12V. The starting system operates at 24V. The alternator delivers 1000W at 14V.

Transmission

Has some differences from other tractors. In particular, it includes:

• Reinforced clutch with rigid body and pair of discs.
• Rear axle with planetary reduction gears.
• Two-speed rear shaft,equipped with synchronous independent drive.
• The front axle is equipped with drive wheels with a wide profile, which allows to increase the carrying capacity of the axle and significantly expands the possibilities of using the Belarus-1221 tractor in the national economy.

Hydraulic system

It is she who controls the machine with mounted, semi-mounted and trailed agricultural implements. In general, the tractor is equipped with one of the following hydraulic systems:

• With one horizontal independent power cylinder.
• With a pair of power cylinders built into the hydraulic lift, which provide adjustment of the movement of the working body.

Also, the tractor is equipped with three pairs of free bends, which are designed for maintenance of hydroficated technical devices using extra strong high pressure hoses. In addition, if necessary, you can select the working fluid to ensure the subsequent normal operation of hydraulic motors connected to the tractor of other machines or units.

Cab

The driver's workplace is safe. The frame of the cabin itself is made of rigid, curved shaped profiles, into which tinted spherical glass is inserted. In the cabin roof there is an emergency hatch and a ventilation and heating system, a control system for some electrical signaling and lighting devices. The use of special sound-absorbing mastics and upholstery makes it possible to guarantee the provisionthe required level of sound insulation and moisture insulation.

In conclusion, I would like to note that the Belarus-1221 tractor, the price of which can range from 5-6 to 20-25 thousand US dollars, according to its owners, fully justifies the funds invested in its purchase and is capable of trouble-free serve for many years, thereby reducing to some extent the cost of agricultural products grown. In addition, the engine of this tractor operates in the least forced mode, which, of course, greatly contributes to an increase in the service life. This moment is noted by many owners of this machine. The most rapidly wearing unit in the tractor are the gearbox bearings. This shortcoming also did not go unnoticed.