Car ZIL-130: review, specifications and reviews

2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42

ZIL-130 is the legendary Soviet truck, which began to be created in the post-war years. The machine replaced its predecessor under the index 164, the main purpose is the agricultural sector and construction work. The car was painted mainly in blue and white colors, although before that all modifications were khaki, since they were intended mainly for military purposes. Until 1962, the modification was carried out under the brand name ZIS-150. Until the 90s of the last century, the production was carried out in Moscow, then the facilities were transferred to Novouralsk. The second name of the car is "Amur". Let's study the features and capabilities of this vehicle.

Main parameters

Below are the characteristics of the ZIL-130:

• Useful load - 5 tons.
• Same indicator per saddle – 5.4 t.
• The weight of the loaded semi-trailer is 8 tons.
• The curb weight of the truck is 9.5 t.
• Front/rear axle load indicator – 2, 12/2, 18t.
• Length/width/height - 6, 67/2, 5/2, 4 m.
• The distance from the rear of the cabin to the front axle is 1.64 m.
• Similar distance to the front buffer - 1.07 m.
• Wheelbase - 3.8 m.
• Loading height - 1.45 m.
• Internal dyne/width/height of the platform – 3, 75/2, 32/0, 57 m.
• Rear/front wheel track - 1, 79/1, 8 m.
• The gap from the road surface to the supporting plane of the saddle is 1.24 m.

Performance

The ZIL-130 truck has a top speed of up to 90 kilometers per hour. The braking distance of a car with a full weight without a trailer at 30 km/h on a horizontal platform (dry asph alt) is 11 meters. The control fuel consumption is 28 liters per 100 km at full load. The turning radius at the farthest point is 8.9 m. The ground clearance is 27 centimeters. Beam angle front and rear - 38/27 degrees.

ZIL-130 engine

The car is equipped with a four-stroke V-shaped power unit with a carburetor and overhead valves. Eight cylinders are located at right angles to each other. Piston stroke - 95 mm. Cylinder displacement is six liters at compression index 6.

The following are other parameters of the ZIL-130 engine:

• Rated power - 150 horsepower.
• Revolution - 3200 rotations per minute.
• Cylinder numbering is from the motor fan.
• Dry weight of the unit with related elements (clutch, gearbox, pump, compressor and parking brake) - 640 kg.
• Material of the cylinder block is a cast-iron assembly with easily removable plug-in wet liners.
• Seal - rubber rings at the bottomparts.
• Element heads are aluminum alloy with plug-in seats.
• Piston group - oval, made of aluminum composition with steel hollow floating fingers. Ring parts - compression with chrome inserts, one of them is oil scraper.

Other elements of the power plant

Diesel ZIL-130 has steel interchangeable liners on the connecting rods, as well as a forged five-bearing crankshaft with lubrication grooves and mud traps. The cast iron flywheel is equipped with a ring gear for starting the power plant. The camshaft is also made of steel and has five bearings.

Valve timing:

• Intake valve opening and closing - 31 and 81 degrees before top and after bottom dead center.
• Similar indicators of the exhaust valve - 67/47 gr. (before b.m.t. and after w.b.t.).

The camshaft drive is equipped with helical gears, the driven element is made of cast iron. The top valves are obliquely in the same row. They are activated using rocker arms, rods and pushers. Exhaust analogues are equipped with heat-resistant surfacing, hollow, equipped with a device for forced turning during operation.

Pushers - steel, mechanical with cast iron surfacing. The exhaust valve wrapping mechanism is ball type with forced action. The exhaust pipe is made of aluminum alloy, equipped with a water jacket, located between the block heads on each side of the motor.

Lubrication system

This block of the ZIL-130 car is a mixed mechanism that works by spraying liquid masses under pressure with cooling in the radiator. The gear-type oil pump has a couple of sections, located on the right near the cylinder block. The upper compartment of the pump serves to supply oil through the filter to the main engine service system. The lower section directs the liquid to the radiator, the bypass valve is adjusted to 1.2 kgf/sq.m.

The oil filter is a centrifugal element with a centrifuge (has a reactive principle of operation). The radiator of this system is a tubular air-cooled design, mounted in front of the liquid counterpart. Crankcase ventilation is carried out forcibly, by venting gases through a special valve.

Food

ZIL-130 has the following features of the power system:

• Fuel supply - forced type with sealed diaphragm pump.
• The gasoline used is A-76 (or diesel).
• Pump type - B-10 with manual pumping (the main process is performed automatically in normal mode).
• Type of air-fuel mixture heating - a special jacket on the inlet pipe.
• Fuel tank - holds 170 liters, mounted on the left side member under the platform.
• The slotted line fuel filter is located on the gas tank bracket.
• Fine filter - ceramic.
• Analogue in the fuel tank - mesh type.
• Carburetor - a two-chamber block with an acceleratorpump and economizer (K-88A).
• The ZIL-130 device has a tubular-tape radiator, as well as an air filter with two levels of purification.
• Excessive pressure on the radiator valve - 1 kgf/sq.m.
• The thermostat has a solid fill with a water jacket.
• Blinds - vertical, folding, adjustable from the cab.
• Water pump - centrifugal driven by the main shaft.
• Fan - equipped with six curved blades.

Transmission unit

The ZIL-130 clutch is located on the driven disk, it is a single-disk dry block with a spring-type damper. Friction linings are made of asbestos compound. Gearbox - mechanical configuration for five forward and one reverse speed (with a pair of inertial synchronizers). Gear ratios - 7, 44/4, 1/2, 29/1, 47/1, 0/7, 09.

Cardan joints are installed in the amount of three pieces on needle bearings. The shafts of this system have an intermediate support on the frame.

Suspension and axles

The front suspension unit of the ZIL-130 dump truck (diesel) in front of the axle has half elliptical springs, the ends of which are fixed with removable pins and ears. The rear edges of the elements are of a sliding type. Vehicle shock absorbers are double-acting hydraulic telescopes (mounted on the front suspension).

Frame part - stamped, with rivets and spars of channel configuration, connected withcrossbars. To use the towing device, a towing device in the form of a hook with a latch is provided. The rear axle housing is stamped, welded, made of steel. The main gear of the double-view assembly with two bevel gears, which provide the main gear ratio of the gear in the format 6, 32.

The half shafts of the vehicle are fully unloaded, the beam of the front axle of the ZIL-130 dump truck has an I-section with a camber of about one degree. Other characteristics of the system in question:

• The difference between the wheel rims and the wheel axle is 2-5 mm.
• Tilt of the kingpin in cross section - 8 degrees.
• The steering is located in a common crankcase, the working pair includes a screw with a nut, as well as a rack and a joint with a gear.
• Steering ratio - 20.
• Tie rods - articulated type, longitudinal members - adjustable type.

Brakes and gauges

The following points can be noted in the brake system of the ZIL-130 truck:

• Working elements - drum shoe drive on all wheels.
• Parking brake - a drum that aggregates with the transmission.
• The ZIL-130 compressor is an air device with a pair of cylinders and liquid cooling.
• Injector pistons are made of aluminum alloy with floating rings.
• The ZIL-130 compressor drive is equipped with a pulley belt from the water pump.
• The mechanism is lubricated bypressure spray.
• Regulator type - ball device.
• Air cylinders - 2 pieces of 20 liters.

Among the control devices there are the following devices:

• Speedometer with arrow and mileage indicator.
• Diaphragm indicator of the presence of oil in the crankcase.
• Temperature indicator up to 120 degrees (electric type).
• Ammeter, fuel gauge.
• Two-pointer pressure gauge responsible for reading the pressure in air tanks and brake chambers.

Cab and platform

Dump truck ZIL-130 (diesel) is equipped with an all-metal triple cab with panoramic windows. Heating of the working driver's seat is carried out from the cooling system of the power unit. Adjustment of the warm air supply is carried out using the heater damper handle on the dashboard panel.

Ventilation is provided through sliding door windows and rotary windows, as well as through a sunroof. The driver's seat is adjustable, the passenger seats are not. Seat cushions are made of sponge rubber. Glass cleaner - with a pair of pneumatically operated brushes. Washing the "windshield" by actuating a water device with two sprayers. The main platform is made of wood with three sides.

Exterior

The main characteristics of the ZIL-130 mainly depended on the modification of the car. The most popular models are dump trucks and semi-trailers. The peak of car production falls on 1966-77. On standardThe platform also produced fire engines, tanks and vans. The efficiency and maneuverability of this vehicle is confirmed in urban environments due to the small turning radius for a truck, which is 7 meters. With a carrying capacity of 3 tons, the vehicle itself weighs about 4 tons.

Also, the car can be used to transport an additional tow hitch weighing up to 8 tons. The appearance of the Soviet truck for its time was quite promising. As already noted in the article, the main colors are white and blue. The ZIL-130 diagram shows that it received streamlined wings and panoramic glass. In addition, the cab features opening side windows and a sunroof.

Body part

The standard body was supplied with a folding tailgate, belonged to the passenger-and-freight category. On the sides there were bars with reclining type benches. They could fit up to 16 people. In addition, it was possible to mount a seat for 8 passengers.

The standard version has an awning with arches, which can be installed at any time. The loading height is identical to that in railway wagons. This greatly facilitates the process of loading and unloading.

Interior

The steering gear of the truck in question is a screw with a special spherical nut along with a piston rack. Hydraulic booster - built-in type. Cabin for three placesdirectly behind the power plant. The driver's seat is adjustable in height, length and back angle.

The main options include a heater, a glass cleaner with a pair of wipers, a device for washing the windshield. For the 60s of the last century, the ergonomics of the truck were at the highest level. The instrument panel and control devices are located conveniently for the driver. One of the memorable elements is the grille. The roof has one or a pair of ventilation hatches. At one time, the truck became a real breakthrough in the Soviet automotive industry.

Regulation and control mechanisms

Along with the practical box ZIL-130 was equipped with a starting heater. This is a liquid type device that runs on fuel similar to that which is refueled for the main stroke. The capacity of the tank for this unit is 2 liters, the productivity is about 14 thousand kilocalories per hour. The fuel in the boiler is ignited by a glow plug, the power consumption limit of the mechanism is 42 W.

The following is a list of test parameters of the specified machine for different nodes:

• The gap between the rocker arm of the motor and the valve stem (in the area of the intake and exhaust valves on a cold engine) is 0.25-0.3 mm.
• A similar parameter between the breaker contacts is 0, 3-0, 4 mm.
• The distance from one to the other spark plug electrode is 0.8-1.0 mm.
• Oil pressure indicator on a warm engine (speed - 40 km / h in direct gear) - 2, 4kgf/sq.cm
• Minimum/maximum pressure for pneumatic actuator - 6/77 kgf/sq.cm.
• Reinforcements for compressor drive belt deflection - 5-8 kgf/mm.
• The brake pedal travel when installing a combined / single valve is 60/30 mm.
• Travel of the rods of the brake chambers front / rear - 25/30 mm.
• Clutch pedal travel - 35-50mm.

Interesting facts

The dry weight of the classic ZIL-130 is 4 tons.

The above fuel consumption is based on a fully run-in and serviceable car. In this case, the ride is carried out at the fifth speed, the measurement is made in dry and warm weather on a flat section of the road with an asph alt surface. The temperature of the refrigerant must not exceed 95 degrees Celsius. The control consumption is not considered an operating norm, but serves to determine the technical parameters of the vehicle.

The angles of the gas distribution phases at the gap between the valve stem and the rocker arm should not exceed 0.3 mm.

Some truck models are equipped with a four-row radiator.

The chassis of the ZIL-130 dump truck has a rigid bunker loop without a polymer shock absorber.

An air horn is mounted on the truck tractor.

Modification under the index 130-G is equipped with five folding sides.

For a fee, it is allowed to install additional equipment typical for this class of cars.

Consumer Reviews

The owners claim that the ZIL-130, the price of which varies from twothousand dollars in the secondary market, is an indispensable truck not only for agricultural work, but also in construction or public utilities. Users attribute unpretentiousness, sufficient load capacity and maintainability to the advantages of the machine. A significant disadvantage is the lack of proper comfort compared to modern counterparts, however, this disadvantage is more than offset by low cost. In addition, the car in question can be improved by increasing the cabin space, replacing the power unit with a more powerful analogue, and other standard methods. Such modernization will not require a lot of finance, but the result will be obvious.

Conclusion

The ZIL-130 truck began to be produced under the Soviet regime. The production of cars (with a certain modernization) lasted several decades. Only this factor speaks of its reliability, practicality and economy. For its time, the car turned out very well. It is noteworthy that the indicated truck was produced in a wide variety of modifications, including dump trucks, flatbed versions, special vehicles and highly specialized vehicles. In general, it is not for nothing that the ZIL-130 is one of the best medium-duty vehicles of the Soviet era.