Diagnosis and repair of the wiper gear motor

2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42

Many owners of domestic cars of the VAZ family agree that the wiper motor-reducer is weak and breaks down quite often, and there is no difference between the old or the new one. The causes of this problem can be different, and in this article we will try to summarize them all.

Key Features

Wiper gear motor specifications:

• Rated voltage - 12V.
• Rated torque - 5Nm.
• Maximum current - 4, 0; 4, 7A.
• Rated speed - 39-50; 59-72.

Device

The wiper motor-reducer is controlled and powered through a standard connector. The design of the mechanism is made with protection against ingress of dust and moisture into the case. The design of the windshield cleaner is simple and consists of three components: a gear motor, levers and brushes. The electric motor is installed three-brush with protection against overloads and radio interference.

Destination

The wiper gearmotor is designed to drive the lever system of the glass cleaning mechanism. It is installed under the windshield in a niche and is connected by a shaft to the wiper arms. It has three modes of operation and is controlled by the right steering column switch. In the first position of the switch, the intermittent operation of the wipers is turned on. Control in this case is carried out through an electronic relay installed in the mounting block. The same relay also controls low speed in constant mode.

Possible malfunctions

• The main reason for all the troubles of this gear motor is a large number of contacts in the circuit and their poor protection from environmental influences. First of all, if there is a problem with the operation of the wiper motor-reducer at the VAZ, all contacts and chain links are checked. In the absence of even one stable contact in the chain, there will be no stable operation of the wiper, so do not rush to replace the gear motor, perhaps the reason is not in it.
• Steering column switch may be defective. If used for a long time, the contacts may oxidize, dust may adhere to them, or they may wear off.
• As a result of the inconvenient location of the gearmotor in a niche under the windshield, water constantly gets on it and the connection plug. If the motor is protected, then nothing will happen to it, but the contacts are constantly oxidized. When diagnosing, they must be checked and the connector replaced with a waterproof one. It should be noted that with the rear wiper gear motorthere are no such problems.

• You should also immediately check the fuse, it could have blown.
• Check the resistance at the breaker terminals with a multimeter, if it shows "0" - change it.
• Checking the correct connection. With the same multimeter, without including the wiper, we check the voltage between the fourth terminal and ground, it should be zero. If there is evidence, we restore grounding.
• Checking the gearmotor itself. We turn on the wiper motor-reducer at low speed and measure the voltage. It must match the battery voltage. If this is not the case, we make a decision to replace or repair the gear motor.

Repair

In order to get to the windshield gear motor, you must first disconnect the battery. Then remove the plastic lining, wiper leashes and pull out the entire structure for inspection and lubrication of the lever joints. The motor-reducer is disengaged from the levers, removed from the bracket and the plastic cover is unscrewed on it. Under it are two screws securing the limit switch contacts. We remove everything and get to the gears and shaft. We take everything out one by one, but we mark two small ones, because they have a different inclination of the teeth. All parts removed from the gearbox must be washed of grease and cleaned of dirt, if any. Also check for output. If the gearbox parts are in perfect order, remove it by unscrewing the two screws at its base in order to get to the electric motor. At this stage, it is necessary to check the wear of the brushes, their snug fit to the anchor, clean all the contacts with fine sandpaper. We assemble in the reverse order, carefully lubricating all the necessary parts.

Replacement

When replacing the gearmotor with a new one, there are no special problems. The sequence of actions is the same, but it should be remembered that during assembly, do not install engravers with bolts when connecting the gear motor and trapezoid. Otherwise, they will touch the crank, and this will affect the operation of the wipers.