KamAZ-43118: overview, specifications, device and operation

2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42

The domestic KamAZ-43118 is a four-wheel drive truck with a high cross-country ability. In the standard version, the car is produced with an onboard platform. The designers provide for the possibility of additional equipment with special equipment to perform certain tasks. In fact, this technique is a multi-purpose all-terrain vehicle designed to overcome serious off-road conditions. The machine is popular in various industries and the national economy, due to its good cross-country ability, affordable price, decent load capacity. Separate modifications are operated in the rescue services and the army.

General information

KAMAZ-43118 is one of the most famous modifications among machines of this type. The development of a unique car was started in the late eighties of the last century. At that time, the engineers of the Kama plant began to seriously think about creating an advanced truck with increased cross-country ability. This was largely due to the fact that important government units (firefighters, the army, the Ministry of Emergency Situations andothers) were in dire need of equipment with high maintainability, reliability, ease of operation. At that time, there were practically no domestic trucks that met the specified parameters.

History of Creation

In 1992, the Kama Automobile Plant received an order from the Ministry of Defense for the development and manufacture of such trucks. Modification 4310 served as the basis for creating a new model under the name KamAZ-43118. It is worth noting that the predecessor was developed back in the late 60s by ZIL designers. Then the production facilities were moved to the current location.

The truck of the updated series turned out to be very successful, mass production began in 1995. The first variations practically did not differ externally from other analogues of this manufacturer, they immediately became popular throughout the post-Soviet space. The car received an original cabin without a hood with a brand logo on the radiator grill, a large windshield, divided into two parts by a partition. The level of comfort in the cabin is minimal. The image was complemented by a massive metal bumper with light elements embedded in it. The design of the car turned out to be brutal and discreet.

Restyling

KamAZ-43118 underwent a major upgrade in 2010. As a result, the appearance and equipment of the truck has changed. The cabin frame has been preserved almost without transformation, but its new design has been made in a more modern version. Some details have been improved and replaced with new elements.

The car was equipped with a streamlined cast bumper, in one tone with the cab color scheme, as well as modified rear-view mirrors. In addition, the side fairings have been integrated and the grille has been completely redesigned. Restyling also touched the optics. Head light elements, turn signals and dimensions are aggregated into one unit. The windshield has become one-piece, which further improved visibility. I was pleasantly surprised by the quality of the finish, and one of the main innovations was the appearance of a sleeping bag, although initially the car was considered as a carrier for short and medium distances. A soft mattress is provided as standard. Structurally, the car has become much more durable and reliable.

Modifications

Now several variations of the KamAZ-43118 car are being produced. The basic version is actively used in various energy and construction industries. The truck, due to its high cross-country ability, is used to transport timber and other goods in hard-to-reach areas.

The endurance of the car contributes to its popularity. The following truck modifications are produced:

• Short log trucks.
• Tankers.
• KAMAZ-43118 truck cranes with manipulator.
• Drilling stations.
• Fire trucks.
• Tractors.

At the same time, the truck, regardless of its version, is distinguished by confident and reliable operation under any road and weather conditions, which not all competitors can do.

KAMAZ-43118:Specifications

The following are the main parameters of the car in question:

• Length/width/height – 8.58/2.5/3.45 m.
• Wheelbase – 66 (3.69 m).
• Road clearance - 38.5 cm.
• Platform dimensions for on-board modifications - 6, 1/2, 32/0, 5 m.
• Turning radius – 12.3 m.
• Curb weight - 10.3 t.
• Load on front axle/rear bogie – 4, 78/5, 52 t.
• Full weight / as part of a road train - 21, 6/33, 6 t.
• Capacity rating – 11, 22 t.

With a fairly large weight, this truck turned out to be very maneuverable, with acceptable fuel consumption (about 33 liters per 100 km). The machine is equipped with a pair of fuel tanks with a capacity of 210 and 350 liters. The maximum climb angle is 60 degrees, the speed threshold is 90 km/h.

KAMAZ-43118 engines

As standard, the car is equipped with a V-type power unit with turbine supercharging (740.50-300) on diesel fuel. The environmental class compliance standard is Euro-4.

Main engine parameters:

• Working capacity – 11.76 l.
• Power - 300 horsepower.
• Number of cylinders - 8 pieces
• Compression – 17.
• Torque - 1177 Nm.

Some models of the KAMAZ-43118 vehicle with a manipulator were equipped with a diesel power plant of the 740.30-260 type. Her characteristics:

• Working volume - 10,85 l.
• Power at face value - 260 "horses".
• Torque at the limit - 1060 Nm.
• Number of cylinders – 8.
• Compression compression – 16, 5.
• Environmental standard – Euro-4.

All motors are provided with an electric torch device, which makes it easier to start the unit in the cold season. Additionally, it was possible to order a pre-heater with a mechanical type of pumping.

Device Features

The KAMAZ-43118 tractor is based on a reinforced chassis designed for mounting a wide range of various attachments. The considered modification differs from analogues in a large indicator of carrying capacity. The main structural elements of the truck are domestic products.

Differentials on all-wheel drive chassis have a symmetrical configuration on all axles. A spring assembly is used as the main suspension. Also for this series of cars, original pneumatic tires with automatic pressure adjustment were specially developed. These elements withstand increased load, parameters - 425/85 R21.

Brake system

Studying the technical characteristics of KAMAZ-43118, let's touch on the brakes of the car. The main unit here is pneumatic type, drums 40 centimeters in diameter are mounted on wheels.

The parking brake is activated by moving the handle to the required position. A spare system is also provided, which serves to stop the car in case of failure.main block. The control is designed the same as that of the parking analog.

With this design, the driver can brake on slippery road surfaces by moving the lever up a third of the way. The maximum lift of the handle activates the rest of the brakes when driving in a road train. Auxiliary analogue is activated by means of a special button. Such a system ensures the safety of driving on all types of roads and off-road.

Transmission

Fireman KamAZ-43118, like most modifications of this series, is equipped with two types of transmission units. This can be a gearbox of our own production for ten ranges or a gearbox with 9 modes of the ZF type. Both versions are mechanical, the main gear is engaged with the aggregation of the shaft with bearings and the crankcase.

The gears of the final drive function to the limit of wear, so the main gear is not disassembled during operation. "Razdatka" - a mechanical mechanism with two steps, blocked by a center differential, pneumatically controlled. The ZF version is more reliable and has better dynamics, along with an increased working resource.

Comfort

The KamAZ-43118 truck, the dimensions of which are indicated above, has a cab that does not have a high level of comfort. After 2010, this element has undergone modernization, it began to be equipped with a small but comfortable bed. There is an easy chair in the cabinwith air suspension and mechanical type adjustment.

Passenger seats are made in a more modest design. The interior lining of modern materials improves thermal and sound insulation. On request, installation of armrests, air conditioning, heated seats, electric window lifts and an audio system is available. In addition, the machine can be equipped with an anti-theft system that can be unlocked using a special key.