2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42
GAZ-52 belongs to the family of medium-duty vehicles produced by the Gorky Automobile Plant from 1966 to 1989, and belongs to the third generation of GAZ vehicles.
The idea of production at the Gorky Automobile Plant of three families of cars at once, which would be completely unified, arose in the middle of the last century. For the base model, they decided to take the new GAZ-52 car, the successor to the previous model, the GAZ-51A. By the way, the GAZ-51 model is one of the most massive cars produced by the Soviet automobile industry. For all the time, almost 3.5 million copies were produced (not counting cars manufactured abroad under license). Having adopted the engine from its predecessor, most of the components and assemblies of the chassis, the new car began to be produced with a cab from the GAZ-53 car. The main difference between the GAZ-52, the photo of which is practically no different from the photo of the GAZ-53, is that an in-line six-cylinder engine was installed on the 52nd, and a V-shaped eight-cylinder engine on the 53rd.
The GAZ-52 car was created by creativea team led by chief designer A. D. Prosvirnin with the participation of leading designers A. I. Shikhov and V. D. Zapoinova. The engine designer was P. E. Syrkin. A prototype of this car was presented in 1958 at the International Exhibition in Brussels, where it was awarded the highest award.
The next creation of the Gorky automakers was entrusted with the task of providing the car with good maneuverability, smooth running and high cross-country ability, given the lack of paved roads in most regions. At the same time, a number of improvements were made to the design of the new GAZ-52 model: an all-metal two-seater cab, which had a heating device, windshield blower, vacuum wipers, a panoramic windshield, etc.
In addition, the lack of high-quality high-octane fuel at that time created additional difficulties in creating a powerful but economical engine. The result of the work of Soviet scientists was a torch ignition engine, which in our time is almost completely forgotten. The use of new technology made it possible to increase the compression ratio of the engine from 6.2 to 6.8, and power - from 70 to 85 hp. when using A-66 gasoline (later they began to use A-76). It was also possible to achieve a reduction in fuel consumption with a significant increase in dynamic performance.
The GAZ-52 car was produced in almost twenty modifications. On the basis of its chassis, many special vehicles were created - dump trucks, vans, tankers, mobileworkshops, etc. Some modifications have been converted to run on liquefied gas.
Over the entire time, more than a million units of equipment were produced, the last copy of which rolled off the assembly line in 1989. Nevertheless, one can often meet the hard worker GAZ-52 on the streets of our settlements. The price is relatively low, but its combination with high reliability and ease of operation make the 52nd perhaps the most popular car in its class.
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