2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42
The magnitude of the electrical voltage generated by a car generator is not constant and depends on the number of revolutions of the crankshaft. In order to stabilize it, a special regulator is designed. We will talk about it in this article using the example of a VAZ-2110 car.
What is a voltage regulator for
The regulator serves to maintain the voltage in the network of the machine within the specified limits, regardless of the generator shaft rotation speed, load, and air temperature. In addition, it provides stable car battery charging.
Connection diagram and principle of operation
The voltage regulator on most cars is connected to the on-board network according to the diagram below.
The principle of operation of the voltage regulator (PH) is the same as that of the relay. In other words, it opens and closes the electrical circuit. That is why the device is also called a relay-regulator. It is triggered when the set value of the voltage coming from the generator changes.
The first regulators were of electromagnetic design. These were real relays. Modern devices are made on the basis of semiconductors. They differ in small dimensions, and besides, they work much more accurately and efficiently. Some of them are even equipped with special alarms that allow the driver to control their performance.
VAZ-2110 voltage regulator
RN "tens" also has a semiconductor design. It is integrated into the generator, which allows you to maintain the required voltage directly at the output of the device.
Stock regulator "tens" is available under catalog number 1702.3702. It can also be used in generators of all Samar models.
On new modifications of the VAZ-2110, the voltage regulator may be marked 1702.3702-01. This is a new generation of relays that are manufactured using MOSFET technology, which can significantly reduce output power losses. In addition, these devices are highly reliable and resistant to overheating.
Technical characteristics of the launch vehicle VAZ-2110
The voltage regulator of the VAZ-2110 generator has the following characteristics.
|
Voltage regulation with battery at temperature 25oC and load up to 3A, V |
14, 4±2 |
| Voltage regulation with battery at a temperature of 25oC and a load of more than 3 A, V | 14, 4 ± 0, 15 |
| Operating temperature range, oC | -45…+100 |
| Maximum output circuit current: standard/agreed with the manufacturer, A | 5/8 |
| Permissible long-term exposure to high voltage, V | 18 |
| Admissible exposure to high voltage for up to 5 minutes, V | 25 |
Signs of PH failure
In VAZ-2110 cars, the voltage regulator breaks down quite rarely, but if this happens, signs of its malfunction may be:
- Faulty control panel backlight.
- Exceeding battery charge voltage.
- Insufficient battery charge voltage.
If the VAZ-2110 voltage regulator breaks down, the fuses responsible for the safety of the instrument panel power supply circuit may blow. If the backlight does not light up when the ignition is turned on, there is a possibility that it is the RN that is to blame.
The same can be assumed when the voltmeter needle, showing the level of battery charge, deviates from its usual position, i.e. shows more or less voltage.
It is this symptom that most often manifests itself when the voltage regulator of the VAZ-2110 generator fails. And if in the second case it can only cause a battery discharge, then in the first case it threatens to boil the electrolyte and destroy the battery plates.
Howcheck the pH on the VAZ-2110 without removing it
Having found at least one of the listed signs, do not be too lazy to check the voltage regulator on your VAZ-2110. This procedure will not take more than 10 minutes. This will require a voltmeter or multimeter included in its mode, as well as an assistant. The check order is as follows:
- Start the engine of the car and warm it up to operating temperature.
- Without turning off the motor, we connect one voltmeter probe to the “B +” terminal of the generator, and the second to the “mass” of the device.
- We ask the assistant to turn on the low beam headlights and press the accelerator pedal, keeping the speed at the level of 2000-2500 thousand rpm.
- We measure the voltage with the device.
The VAZ-2110 voltage regulator should produce 13, 2-14, 7 V. This is the norm. If the voltmeter readings differ from those given, diagnostic measures should be continued.
Checking the removed voltage regulator
To make sure that it was the launch vehicle that failed, and not the generator itself, it should be checked separately. To do this, it will need to be disconnected from the main device. The procedure is as follows:
- Remove the negative terminal from the battery.
- Find the place of attachment of the launch vehicle to the generator. We unscrew 2 screws of its fastening.
- Disconnect the yellow wire from the regulator to the generator.
- Dismantle the launch vehicle.
To diagnose the device, you will need a power supply with the ability to adjust the output voltage, a light bulb (12 V) with a cartridge and a pairwires. The verification algorithm is as follows:
- We assemble the "control" from the lamp and wires and connect it to the regulator brushes.
- Set the voltage on the power supply at 12 V.
- We bring a “plus” from the power supply to the “D +” terminal of the regulator, and a “minus” to its “mass”.
- We look at the lamp: it should be on.
- Increase the voltage on the power supply to 15-16 V. With a good regulator, the lamp should go out. If this does not happen, the launcher must be replaced.
PH replacement
The process of replacing the voltage regulator is not particularly difficult. All you need to do is to purchase a new device, check it in the way described above and install it on the generator by screwing it with two screws. And don't forget to connect the yellow wire!
Three-level voltage regulator VAZ-2110
Now let's go back a little. Having found a malfunction of the launcher and deciding to replace it, do not rush to buy a stock device. There is a good alternative to it - a three-level regulator. How is it different from the usual? It allows you to adjust the output voltage depending on the air temperature, thereby optimizing the load on the battery.
Switching modes is carried out by a toggle switch in the following ranges:
- 13, 6 V (minimum) - for operation at temperatures above +20oC;
- 14, 2 V (normal) - from 0oC to +20oC;
- 14, 7 V (maximum) - for operation at temperatures below0oS.
The three-level voltage regulator VAZ-2110 consists of two parts: the PH itself and the brush holder. The latter is installed directly on the generator and is connected to the former with a wire. The regulator, equipped with a toggle switch, is attached to the car body in the engine compartment in a convenient place. You can install the pH yourself using the instructions that come with it.
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