Features of the design and repair of the VAZ-2114 starter

2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:41

In this short article, we will try to understand in as much detail as possible how the starter is repaired on the VAZ-2114. This is a device that allows you to start the engine. The starter is an electric motor that spins the crankshaft of the engine. Due to its design, it is only engaged with the crankshaft gear when the ignition key is turned. But what if suddenly nothing happens when you turn the key? This is what we will look into.

Design

Where the starter is installed on the VAZ-2114, there are several more elements - an air filter, a thermostat, and so on. Therefore, in order to gain free access to all nodes of the launch system, some details will have to be removed. The design of the starter consists of the following components:

1. Back cover.
2. Bronze bushings.
3. Copper graphite brushes.
4. Anchor with winding (rotor).
5. Stator with windings.
6. Bendix - freewheel, fork and pinion.
7. Gear starters have a planetary gear.
8. Front cover.
9. Solenoid relay.

Next, let's start describing the operation of the mechanism.

How does a starter motor work?

On VAZ-2114 cars, starters with a planetary gear are most often installed. They allow you to significantly increase the power applied to the flywheel crown. And most importantly, this design allows the use of a low power electric motor. The work takes place according to the following algorithm:

1. Turning the ignition key energizes the relay.
2. Contacts close and voltage is applied to the solenoid relay.
3. Under the influence of the magnetic field, the core is drawn in and the power contacts are closed.
4. At the same time, the gear on the bendix moves along the axis and engages with the flywheel crown.
5. Voltage is applied to the motor windings, the rotor starts to rotate.
6. And if there are no malfunctions, the car engine starts.

But it also happens that the VAZ-2114 does not start, but the starter turns. In this case, the breakdown must be sought in the ignition system, timing drive, fuel supply.

Typical breakdowns

If the starter does not turn on the VAZ-2114, then the presence of such malfunctions is possible:

1. Brushes worn out.
2. Battery is low.
3. Open armature or stator winding.
4. Failure of the solenoid relay - destruction of the windings.

Please note that if the bendix and freewheel break, the starter will continue to turn, but there will be no engagement with the crown.

It is not uncommon for a starter motor to spin poorly due to poor ground or low battery power. In this case, you will need to replace the bronze bushings and the wire that connects the gearbox and the negative battery terminal. Please note that the starter winding supply circuit is not protected by a fuse. Therefore, it is extremely important to replace the brushes and clean the lamellas in a timely manner. This will avoid the occurrence of a short circuit, which will lead to inevitable damage to the starter.

How to remove the unit?

In order to repair the VAZ-2114 starter, you will need to dismantle it. To do this, just perform the following manipulations:

1. Disconnect the wire from the negative battery terminal. If this is not done, then a short circuit is possible.
2. Release access to the starter - remove the air filter housing.
3. Now, using the key on "13", you need to unscrew the nut that secures the power wire to the solenoid relay.
4. The thin wire also needs to be removed.
5. With the same wrench, unscrew the three nuts that secure the housing to the clutch housing.
6. Remove the unit.

Now you can start repairing the VAZ-2114 starter. To perform it qualitatively, you will have to completely disassemble the mechanism.

What needs to be changed?

In order to repair, you need to purchase a spare parts kit. In particular, you will need the following components:

1. Brushes.
2. Sleeves.
3. Bendix.

As a rule, these elements most often fail. If the windings or part of the housing breaks, it will be much easier (and more efficient) to install a new starter or a used but working one.

How to repair?

You can rewind the rotor or starter yourself, but this is problematic. In addition, the lamellas on the rotor may be worn out - even installing new brushes will not help. The procedure for repairing the starter VAZ-2114:

1. Remove the retractor by unscrewing 2 or 3 bolts with a screwdriver.
2. Remove the back cover by unscrewing the two bolts.
3. Then unscrew the two nuts with a "10" wrench to separate the three parts of the body.



4. Remove the brushes, disconnect them from the windings.
5. Remove the circlip from the back of the rotor and remove the cover.
6. The circlip must also be removed from the front of the rotor. Only then can the anchor be completely removed.

All starter elements have been dismantled, it remains only to troubleshoot. All defective parts must be replaced with new ones. Pay attention to the lamellas - if they are erased, then it is useless to restore them. It will be easier to buy a new rotor. After repair, it is necessary to assemble all the parts in the reverse order.