KAMAZ-4310: description, specifications and photo

2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42

In the history of the domestic automotive industry, there are not many outstanding examples known almost all over the world. One of these masterpieces is the KamAZ-4310 car, the most famous brainchild of the Kama Automobile Plant, which became the progenitor of more modern modifications. The machine is equipped with a drive for three independent axles and is characterized by increased cross-country ability. Consider the features and characteristics of the truck, as well as explore its capabilities.

General information

For the eighties of the last century, KamAZ-4310 was an excellent off-road truck capable of overcoming serious obstacles, steep ascents and descents, fords up to one and a half meters. Serial production of the model began in 1981. The car in question is produced in Naberezhnye Chelny. However, its development began at the Likhachev plant in Moscow back in the mid-sixties.

After agreeing on all the technical nuances, the designers began to fulfill the order, the implementation of which was given ten years. During this time, ZIL engineers have assembled a dozen prototypes, made many innovative implementations (this is confirmed by more than 50 copyright certificates). Standard equipmentThe vehicle was equipped with a completely new principle of operation of the driving axles KamAZ-4310. The modification received a permanent drive with four cardan shafts. The body part included a metal base with the possibility of mounting an awning and a frame. The main purpose of the car is the transportation of passengers and cargo of increased tonnage. The truck is able to function effectively in various climatic conditions, which made it popular throughout the expanses of the former USSR.

Internal rigging

The cabin of the KamAZ-4310 is designed for three seats, has thermal insulation and noise protection for greater comfort for the driver and passengers. The equipment also includes an independent heater by the type of heater. The cabin leans back with the help of a hydraulic lift. A sleeping bag is not provided as standard, it can be ordered separately. The driver's seat is equipped with springs, adjustable in length, height and back angle.

Despite the fact that the KamAZ-4310 is far from European competitors, the car turned out to be quite productive and comfortable for its time, not only in terms of driving performance, but also in terms of equipping the working and passenger seats. The dashboard is as ascetic as possible, but it has all the necessary devices, the seats have the most simplified design. In some modifications of the series under consideration, it is not convenience in equipment that plays a significant role, but cross-country ability, practicality and functionality. As an additional protection against glare and sunlightthere is a lowered visor for the driver and passengers.

KAMAZ-4310: specifications

The main parameters of the legendary truck are listed below:

• Capacity rating - 6 t.
• Towed hitch - up to 10 t.
• Total car weight – 15 t.
• Dimensions – 7, 65/2, 5/2, 9 m.
• Loading height - 1.53 m.
• Clearance - 36.5 cm.
• Wheel base – 3, 34/1, 32 m.
• Wheel track – 2.01 m.
• Outer turning radius - 11.2 m.
• The maximum speed is 85 km/h.
• Fuel consumption per 100 km is about 30 liters.
• Power reserve - 830 km.

Other options

Among other characteristics of this car, the following points can be noted:

• The power unit is a diesel engine with eight cylinders, liquid cooling and overhead valves.
• Working volume – 10.85 l.
• Compression – 17.
• Horsepower – 210.
• Torque - 637 Nm.
• Clutch type - double disc dry mechanism.
• gearbox - Synchronized mechanics for five ranges.
• KAMAZ-4310 transfer case - with a couple of steps and an interaxal locking differential.
• Front/rear axle drive - permanent non-switchable/through-through serial.

Transmission and suspension

The transmission unit is represented by a KAMAZ-4310 box with five ranges, which is equipped withsynchronizers at all speeds except the first mode. The transfer unit has a locking center differential with planetary elements that redistribute the torque. This mechanism is controlled by an electro-pneumatic drive.

Car suspension - independent type, mounted on semi-elliptical springs, equipped with shock absorbers and rear sliding ends. This analogue has balancers, springs with torque rods and sliding edges of working elements.

Other equipment

The brake unit includes drums and a pneumatic actuator with a pair of circuits. There is a parking brake, spare and auxiliary system. The width of the drums is 40 centimeters with the width of the overlays 14 cm.

The steering is represented by the power steering KamAZ-4310, a screw mechanism, a ball nut and a piston rack with gear aggregation between the bipod shaft. This design of the steering unit allows you to perfectly cope with off-road.

In the electrical circuit, the voltage is 24 volts, the number of batteries is two, there is a generator and a voltage regulator. As additional equipment, a drum winch with a worm gear and a band brake is used. The possibility of stretching the cable is more than 80 meters. The main thing is to carry out a preventive inspection of these mechanisms in a timely manner in order to maximize the working life and ease of operation of the units.

Modifications

The following is a list of the main models of the KAMAZ-4310 car:

• The basic version of the 4310 is built with a shorter platform, canopy, reclining seats and tailgate. Years of issue - 1983-1990.
• Experimental variation under the index 43101. The modification differs from the standard sample by the presence of three folding sides.
• Upgraded model 43101 was equipped with a more powerful motor and had an increased load capacity.
• KAMAZ-4310. Designed for sporting events such as the Paris-Dakar rally, this car is equipped with an additional 10 in the name.
• 43102/43103 - sleeping machine.
• 43105 - civilian transport truck without winch mounting and tire pressure adjustment.
• 43114 - Army variant produced since 1996.
• 4410 - truck tractor, focused on towing special trailers weighing up to 15 tons.
• 43118 - transport modification with an enlarged cargo platform and an upgraded engine.

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of KamAZ-4310 include the following points:

• Improved visibility, due to the lack of a bonnet.
• Excellent patency.
• Good load capacity.
• Increased ground clearance.
• Possibility of adjusting tire pressure on some modifications.
• Four-wheel drive.
• Repairability andacceptable value.
• High maneuverability and small turning radius.
• Ability to operate in a wide temperature range on almost any off-road.
• Versatility and powerful powertrains.

Cons:

• Substantial fuel consumption.
• Not very comfortable interior and exterior equipment of the cabin.
• Simple seat design.
• Relatively low dynamic parameters.

Interesting facts

Modification of the truck in question, participating in the Paris-Dakar rally, was equipped with additional safety arcs, the cab was painted yellow, equipped with a 430 horsepower engine. In 1991, this car took second place in these competitions.

In the early nineties of the last century, an armored version was created, codenamed "Typhoon". It was equipped with a special booth for transporting personnel. This modification became the basis for the development of similar transporters in the future.

The price of the cars in question depends on the configuration and condition of the vehicle. It is worth noting that the KamAZ-4310 bu can be purchased at a price of 1.8 million rubles.

In 1989, the plant began to produce additional equipment to help the agricultural industry. The car was equipped with folding benches, which made it possible to carry up to 30 people or the necessary cargo.

In the same year, KamAZ-43106 was released, which differs from its analoguereduced overall weight. At the same time, the truck could carry one ton more, and also had the possibility of aggregation with a tow hitch. Such models were often used as timber carriers. Even with overload, they did an excellent job with the tasks.

Summarize

Despite the fact that a lot of time has passed since the release of the domestic legendary truck called KamAZ-4310, it can still be found in various economic areas. For the Soviet Union, this car was considered one of the best in its class. Such popularity is due to the versatility of the machine, which allows it to be used in various industries, including forestry, the army, construction and agriculture. Together with reliability and functionality, the developers have achieved the optimal combination of affordability and maintainability of the vehicle. The updated versions were additionally distinguished by increased workplace comfort, equipped with a berth, tire pressure adjustment and other pleasant little things.