MTZ-82.1: specifications and reviews

2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42

Belarusian quality is a topic of special discussion. It is no secret that to this day, the products manufactured in this former Soviet republic are still famous for their highest quality workmanship. And we are talking not only about food and textiles, but also agricultural machinery as well. In this article, we will take a closer look at the MTZ-82.1 tractor, its features, specifications and user reviews.

Historical background

Tractor building in Belarus moved to a new level in the 1970s, when the production of tractors of the MTZ series began by order of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. It was at that time that the government decided to produce a very powerful row-crop tractor. MTZ-50 was taken as a basis. The design of the machine has undergone numerous changes, the cabin and skin have also been upgraded, and the latest engine with higher power has been installed. The first tests of the MTZ-82.1 took place in 1972 and turned out to be quite successful. On the basis of these test runs, a list of aggregated units and parts was formed, and about 230 devices were created, focused on performing various types of work. At the same time, the speed of the tractor movement reached 30 km/h, which made it possible to use it for transport work.

The first swallow

The first described machine was produced by the Minsk plant in 1974. Already at the initial stage of operation, users began to speak very positively about the tractor, and the engineers decided to continue increasing the production of this equipment. For four decades of its release, MTZ-82.1 began to process the fields of almost all continents of our planet. These tractors are especially popular in Asian countries, Africa and South America.

Main purpose

The machine was originally designed to work in the fields. Although, in principle, it is quite multifunctional and is a fully driven medium tractor. He is quite capable of sowing various grain crops, harvesting them, plowing fields, plowing. Very often, a tractor equipped with attachments and a trailer is used to move a variety of goods, as well as road or other earthworks.

Some nuances

MTZ-82.1 can be operated in almost any weather and climatic conditions. At its core, this machine is an exact copy (in terms of functionality) of the MTZ-82. The only significant difference is only the increased cabin volume for the model with the index 1.

In general, model 82.1, both in terms of its external data and technical characteristics, has the form of a semi-frame structure, in which the rear running wheels have a much larger diameter compared to the front ones. The motor, in turn, is located directly under the driver's cab.

Engine and gearbox

MTZ-82.1 fuel consumption is rather insignificant due to the presence of the D-243 diesel plant, which, like the tractor, is also produced at the Minsk plant. Engine power is 80 horsepower, which allows the machine to travel at a speed of 35 km / h and at the same time use attachments to perform the required work. Minimum maintenance required.

Despite the fact that the engine is four-stroke, the tractor is equipped with a drive with an electric starter equipped with a preheater. A liquid cooling system is also available, which allows you to start the engine both in severe frost and in hot weather.

As for the gearbox, until 1985 this tractor was equipped exclusively with a mechanical type transmission, in which the number of gears was no more than 18 × 4 for the front wheels and 16 × 4 for the rear. These days, the rear axle can be locked using a hydraulic system. Reliable stop of the differential and its fixation make it possible to increase the throughput of vehicles.

Hydraulic system

It includes the following basic elements:

• Hydraulic gear pump NSh-32.
• Hydraulic traction booster (used for attachments).
• Power and position controllers.
• Hydraulic cylinder for direct control of spreader and hitch.

All of these knots have the abilitycontrol from the driver's cab using the pedals and levers.

The main essence of the hydraulic equipment of both the new model and the used MTZ-82.1 tractor is high-precision adjustment of the position in space of the attachments used on a wide variety of soil types and with different underlying surfaces.

Directly on the regulators are sensitive sensors that respond to any change in the spatial position of the attached module and thrust. In general, the hydraulic system of the tractor makes it possible to increase the productivity of the tractor and improve the quality of its work (for example, to ensure uniform plowing of the earth with the same depth).

Instruments

MTZ-82.1 new is equipped with instrument panels, which, in turn, can be both autonomous and be part of a combination of equipment. In addition, there are blocks of special control lamps and a fuse with fuses for reliable protection of all available electrical circuits.

For example, the engine coolant temperature gauge has warning lights of different colors:

• Working range (from 80 to 100 degrees Aim) - green color.
• Out of range (up to 80 degrees) - yellow.
• Over 100 degrees Celsius - red.

Diesel oil pressure should be within 1-5 kgf/cm². A pressure surge of up to 6 bar is allowed at the time of starting a cold engine. However, if the emergency lamp continues to burn and in the process of furtherwork, you should immediately stop the engine and proceed with the troubleshooting. In turn, the pneumatic system operates in the range of 5 - 8 kgf / cm^{2 and includes a compressor and a control valve to control the differential operation of the brake system.}

Technical indicators

Any MTZ-82.1 tractor (including second-hand) has the following technical data:

• Engine power - 60 kW.
• Rated speed - 2200 rpm.
• The number of cylinders is 4 pieces.
• Diesel volume - 4.75 liters.
• Torque limit - 290 Nm.
• Fuel consumption at rated power - 220 g / kWh.
• Torque reserve indicator - 15%.
• The volume of fuel tanks is 130 liters.
• Clutch type - single disc, dry.
• Forward speed 1.89 - 33.4 km/h.
• Reverse speed - 3.98 - 8.97 km/h.
• Machine base - 2450 mm.
• Length - 3930 mm.
• Ground clearance under the front axle - 645 mm.
• Clearance between the road and the rear axle - 465 mm.
• Operating weight - 3900 kg.

Opinion of users

Regardless of where the second-hand MTZ-82.1 tractor was purchased ("Avito", other sites or directly from the manufacturer), many farmers noticed that the machine's performance is not too high when processing large fields - over 80 hectares. Weakness of the work of the third and sixth gears at moments of heavy loads was also noted.

In turn, the engine is not too susceptible to the quality of the fuel consumed, however, if the quality of diesel fuel is too low, the engine may well stall or not start. In this case, as practice has shown, the problem is eliminated by adjusting the injectors or changing diesel fuel.

Of the positive qualities of the tractor, it is worth noting its almost absolute "indestructibility", since neither heat, nor cold, nor impassability, nor dust, nor any possible precipitation has any effect on it. In addition, the machine is quite easy to combine with many attachments and is quite easy to operate. Drivers also noticed a fairly high level of cabin comfort, which fully complies with all current ergonomic standards and requirements.

Running

Today, Avito tractor 82.1 MTZ can be purchased brand new. It is important to know that a new car must be, invariably, run-in for at least 30 hours. This procedure is obligatory, since it allows all parts of the tractor to run in without exception and ensure a subsequent long service life. It is forbidden to launch a new, unrolled diesel engine from a tow to avoid rapid wear of its components.

Maintenance

Planned works are carried out according to the following scheme:

• Check fan belt tension (after 125 hours of operation) - belt deflection is notmust exceed 15 - 22 mm when pressed with a force of 40 N.
• Clutch pedal free play control (after 500 hours of operation) - 40 - 50 mm on its pad.
• Steering wheel play measurement (after 500 hours of operation) - it should never exceed 25% while the engine is running.
• Tighten the cylinder head bolts (after 1000 hours of operation) - tightening torque should be between 19 - 21 kgcm.
• Checking the tightness of the nut of the safety clutch of the intermediate support - the clutch must be capable of transmitting a torque of 40 - 80 kgcm.
• Checking the radiator coolant level (after 10 hours of tractor operation) - it should be no more than 50 mm below the edge of the filler neck.
• Crankcase oil change - after 500 hours of continuous operation.
• Replace the fine filter element - after 1000 hours of continuous operation.
• Condensation from the receiver is drained every ten hours of operation.
• Switch to appropriate grades of oil and grease in time in summer and winter.

Conclusion

When purchasing MTZ-82.1 at Avito or elsewhere, always remember that this tractor can be actively used as a loader, excavator, bulldozer and even in some cases a combine. And given its relatively low cost, it becomes clear why the demand for it has remained consistently high for so many years.