KrAZ-260: photo, device, specifications

2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42

The Soviet Union produced a lot of good equipment. This is especially true for military trucks. Usually KamAZ and Ural are associated with them. But there is another, no less large plant, which at one time produced trucks for the entire USSR. This is Kremenchug KrAZ. This plant produced machines for various purposes. And today we will talk about one of the legendary models. This is KrAZ-260. Photos, technical characteristics of the car - later in our article.

Description

KrAZ model 260 was produced at the plant in 1981. This car has replaced the outdated model 255. It is a three-axle all-wheel drive truck. This car was produced until the collapse of the Soviet Union. Initially, KrAZ-260 vehicles were intended for the army and the transportation of goods, as well as personnel. But in the 90s, these machines were written off en masse, and they ended up in private hands. Yes, now you can seedump trucks, cranes and timber trucks based on the KrAZ-260.

It is worth noting that the 260 had many advantages over the 255. Thus, the operating life of the units increased by 60 percent, fuel consumption decreased by 6, and the load capacity increased by 20 percent.

Appearance

Although the design is not in the first place in the development, but outwardly the KrAZ-260 looks quite strict and brutal. Like its predecessor, the 260 resembles a crocodile with powerful wings and a massive narrowed hood. The headlights are hidden in a metal bumper. And on the wings there are turn signals and parking lights (which is noteworthy, they are placed in a single housing).

A distinctive feature of the military KrAZ were wide wheels. They are larger than on KamAZ trucks, which gives the car excellent cross-country ability. Different cargo platforms were installed on the 260th model. Initially, it was a tent side frame. But as we said earlier, private owners are reworking the bodies and putting in manipulators, cranes, roofless containers (for transporting grain) and so on.

The cab on the Soviet truck KrAZ-260 is reliably protected from corrosion. There is a very thick layer of paint on the metal. Even after 30 years, non-rotting specimens can be found.

Dimensions, clearance

The car has the following dimensions. The total length of the truck is 9 meters, width - 2.72, height - 3 meters on the cab roof. Taking into account the awning, the height was 3.12 meters. The track width is 2160 millimeters. Ground clearance is simply huge - 37centimeters. It is easy to imagine what kind of cross-country characteristics the KrAZ-260 has.

According to passport data, a Soviet car can overcome a 58-degree slope when fully loaded. Also, KrAZ-260 can drive through a ford up to one and a half meters deep.

Weight, load capacity

The curb weight of the car is 9.5 tons. Gross weight - 21, 5. Thus, the machine is able to take on board up to 11 tons of cargo. At the same time, a towing device is provided in KrAZ.

On paved roads, the truck is capable of towing a trailer with a GVW of up to 30 tons. On other types of roads and rough terrain - up to 10 tons.

Salon

The cab on a Soviet truck is made of solid metal sheet (by the way, wooden cabs were used at KrAZ trucks at one time). The salon is designed for three people - the driver and two passengers. For the latter, a double seat was provided. Armchairs in KrAZ were fabric, with leatherette. There are no seat belts here. The steering wheel is two-spoke, without adjustments. The location is extremely inconvenient. The design resembles KAMAZ. The front panel is flat. Instrument scales are pointer.

Like all Soviet trucks, there is a tachometer, air pressure sensors in the system, water temperature in the engine and a speedometer. By the way, the driver's seat has a sprung design. However, it is difficult to call this cabin comfortable. Very noisy and small insidefree space.

Specifications

KrAZ-260 is not the first truck to be equipped with an engine from the Yaroslavl Motor Plant. So, the YaMZ-238L engine was installed on this car. This is a diesel eight-cylinder power unit with a turbine (which was rare for those years). The compression ratio of the engine on the KrAZ-260 is 16.5. The working volume is 14866 cubic centimeters. The motor has a simple injection and a mechanical injection pump. But thanks to the turbine, the engine power was one of the highest among other Soviet trucks - 300 horsepower. The torque of the Yaroslavl unit is 1080 Nm at one and a half thousand revolutions. It is worth noting that the motor is very high-torque and low-speed. The car "undermines" literally from idle.

The engine used an eight-section high-pressure fuel pump with injection advance clutch and speed control. Nozzles - closed type. KrAZ also had a low pressure fuel pump.

The YaMZ-238L engine was specially designed for operation in difficult conditions. So, the design has an automatic dust extraction and a two-stage air purification system with two filters. And for a successful launch at extremely low temperatures, the Thermostart electric torch unit and the PZhD-44MBU preheater are provided. But there were also disadvantages. To remove this motor from the car, I had to dismantle the cab of the truck.

Transmission

The four-speed box YaMZ-238B withdemultiplier. In fact, the number of steps was more - eight forward and two back. Synchronizers were at all speeds except reverse.

Considering the KrAZ-260 device, it is worth noting the presence of a transfer case. It was a two-stage with a locking center differential. The torque between the bogie and the front axle was distributed in a ratio of 2:1. The highest gear had the number 1, 013, the lowest - 1, 31. The transfer case received an electro-pneumatic drive. Power take-off was carried out from the engine. In the parking lot, the box could take up to 40 percent of the torque. In motion - half as much.

The main gear on the drive axle (there were three of them) was double, with spur and bevel gears. Differential locks were present on the middle and rear axles. The drive of inclusion of blockings – electropneumatic. The middle axle was of a through type, and the front axle was with disk joints of equal angular velocities. Off-road, this truck showed excellent cross-country ability. How the KrAZ-260 behaves on rough terrain, the reader can see in the video below.

Dynamics, consumption

An empty car accelerated to 60 kilometers per hour in 40 seconds. The maximum speed is 80 kilometers per hour. The braking distance from 40 kilometers per hour is 17.2 meters. The same path, but at the road train - 18.4 meters. Fuel consumption at 60 kilometers per hour is 39 liters according to passport data. But as practice shows, this figure rarely falls below 45.

Wheels andtires

The Soviet four-wheel drive truck was equipped with diskless wheels on six bolts with clamps. The tires themselves are wide profile. Air pressure can range from one to four kilograms per cubic centimeter (depending on road conditions).

Chassis

The truck is built on a powerful ladder-type frame. The car has a simple suspension scheme. In front, it is based on semi-elliptical springs in the amount of two pieces. Their ends are installed in the rubber pads of the support brackets. At the rear, the suspension is balanced, also on semi-elliptical springs, with jet rods. The ends of the springs are sliding. Truck suspension is stiff. Even when fully loaded, the car jumps over bumps.

Brakes

Drum brakes with a diameter of 420 millimeters are installed on each wheel. The type of spreading of the overlays is cam. The drive is pneumatic, double-circuit. One goes to the first and middle bridge, the second - to the back. Brake chambers are equipped with spring energy accumulators. The parking brake is pneumatic. It uses the pads of the middle and rear axles thanks to energy accumulators. Together with the parking brake, the spare brake is also combined. As an auxiliary, a motor retarder is used. It also has a pneumatic actuator. Also in the system there is a moisture separator and an alcohol fuse (preventing freezing of condensate that accumulates inside). The braking system is very reliable and never fails.

Steering

Steering gear - screw and ball nut-rail,meshed with the gear sector, with the amplifier distributor, the steering gear ratio is 23, 6. The power steering cylinder is connected to the two-arm steering knuckle lever. The oil pressure in the booster is 70 kgf/cm. sq.

Winch

Many models of military KrAZ trucks are equipped with a winch. And the 260 is no exception. So, a winch with a worm deflector, drum type, is used here. It has a belt brake and a protective device against overload of the mechanism. The winch is driven from the power take-off shaft, by means of a transfer case. Traction force is 12 TS. The maximum cable length is 60 meters. Diameter - 22 mm.

The maximum deviation of the cable from the longitudinal axis when issuing back is 30 degrees (forward - 15). But as a rule, the winch is used extremely rarely. To put such a truck on its belly, you need to try hard, say the owners.

Price

At the moment, you can buy such a car in the secondary market. However, most of the models will be redone. Depending on the installed equipment and body type, the cost of a KrAZ-260 truck ranges from 500 thousand rubles to 1 million.

Conclusion

So, we found out what technical characteristics and features the KrAZ-260 has. Despite the cessation of serial production, this machine is still in high demand. Such equipment is especially in demand in regions with no hard surface of roads. The machine has a reliable engine andsimple device. Until now, you can find quite "live" and working copies.