Sprinkler. Road and municipal equipment

2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42

Technical support of public utilities provides for a lot of road vehicles. Seasonal equipment of this kind includes watering vehicles. In the summer, they rid the streets of dust and dirt, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of hard surfaces. In addition, road and communal equipment with irrigation function also performs irrigation of green spaces. These and other abilities of such machines are determined by the characteristics of the working bodies and the availability of optional devices.

General information about watering machines

There are two main varieties of sprinkler cars. Representatives of the first category perform exclusively irrigation tasks, thus ridding the air and road surfaces of dust. The second group is modifications that have an expanded set of devices for washing and cleaning. We can say that this is a watering machine, the list of tasks of which includes caring for road infrastructure facilities. Despite the importance of the irrigation function, this technique is not considered as a separate type. As a rule, these are universal cars, the base of which allows, depending on current needs, to use one or another functional equipment.

Basicspecifications

One of the key performance indicators of sprinkler trucks is the operational capability of the tanker. The technical infrastructure of such a machine, which ensures the performance of working operations, may change, but the tank and its parameters, as a rule, remain the same. For example, the ZIL watering machine in modification number 130 is equipped with a 6 m3 tank 3. At the same time, the presence of a multistage pump in the working structure makes it possible to maintain a stable pressure in the tank at the level of 25 atm.

Therefore, if necessary, water can be supplied to several consumers at once. At the same time, it would be wrong to consider the functionality of the machine in isolation from the basic power base. The power of the car in the same modification is 150 liters. with., which allows you to serve large areas. A high power output from the engine is also required by a capacious water tank, the load from which falls on the chassis platform. Another thing is that in terms of maneuverability, such a technique is far from ideal. The same applies to fuel consumption. The car consumes about 32 liters of fuel mixture per 100 km.

Irrigation technique

To perform watering, the machine and its working bodies must perform several operations controlled by the driver. From the tank, water enters the centrifugal pump, after which it passes through the filtration stage. Then the liquid is sent through the pipeline to the working nozzles. ATthe rest of the work process depends on what capabilities the watering machine of a particular modification has. The most modern models have complex fluid distribution systems between several working sectors. For example, one part may be responsible for watering the road, another for irrigating green spaces, and a third for cleaning the surface.

Main unit of sprinkler car

As already noted, watering vehicles are distinguished by the presence of a tank that contains water. A filter, pipeline communications, a sump and a valve are also provided inside the tank. To prevent the buildup of water in the tank, breakwaters are usually used in the design. In addition to the main tank, it is also practiced to install additions in the form of an extension. Moreover, the modification of the Zilovsky car 130-P allows the connection of a second tank. An additional water tank is a trailed structure, increasing the main volume of liquid by 5 thousand liters. Such tanks are supplied with a plug valve and a sump. Through the central valve, the water supply is regulated with a certain pressure power. Again, to minimize the negative factors from the use of a volumetric water tank, the designers of such cars use dependent suspensions on longitudinal springs. The front end is usually provided with double-acting hydraulic shock absorbers, while the rear end is provided with additional springs. This configuration contributes to the comfortable overcoming of problematicsections of the road with unsatisfactory pavement characteristics.

Functional elements of the machine

In addition to the metal tank, the functional equipment may include a wide range of different nozzles, water hoses and brushes. The working bodies of the watering car are distributed over several sections, which are interconnected by pipelines. The working infrastructure also includes a water pump, a central valve, a strainer and piping systems with swivel type nozzles. The equipment is mounted on the platform of a truck with reinforced springs. The sprinkler's water-distributing pump ensures that irrigation is carried out in conjunction with other operations. So, some modifications are supplied with plow and brush equipment, which allows using the equipment as a harvester. Sometimes such models are supplemented with means of sprinkling the coating with inert substances, which increases the effectiveness of the washing function.

Additional functionality

Sprinkler vehicles can also be used as fire and transport vehicles. In the first case, the equipment of the machine provides for the presence of a fire hose provided with a jet supply barrel with a high pressure force. Of course, there is no need to talk about a full-fledged fire extinguishing function, but a watering machine may well be considered as an auxiliary equipment of this type. When the sleeve is running, all valves and taps are tightly twisted, which allows you to increase the power of pressure andfire fighting efficiency. For the transport function, modifications with two tanks are usually used. Water is transported on such vehicles to serve facilities remote from public infrastructure.

Mini watering machine

Small watering machines are characterized by a modest tank volume and appropriate coverage of the working area. Such models include some modifications of ZIL with a width of the irrigation area of the order of 2-2.5 m. Also, installations with the effect of sprinkling can be included in the category of mini-irrigation machines. They are optimally suited for the maintenance of green spaces and for cleaning road surfaces. True, the watering machine in this design has a very small volume of the tank, which makes it necessary to fill it with water frequently.

Sprinkler car manufacturers

In Russia, most of the irrigation vehicles are modifications based on the ZIL chassis. Also, utility vehicle fleets often maintain equipment based on models of the Kama Automobile Plant. This is a productive and powerful watering machine, which not only makes it possible to service tanks of large volumes, but also facilitates the management of working bodies. Gradually, this segment is replenished with foreign equipment. For example, during operation, the Haller 9000 model performs well, which is provided with a volumetric tank and provides the user with ample opportunities for optional equipment.

Conclusion

Despite the high responsibility of the functions that fall on sprinkler cars, their design features are quite simple and even elementary. A traditional machine of this type provides only for the presence of a tank and working elements that provide irrigation with water. Nevertheless, the watering machine is being improved both in terms of increasing functionality and in terms of power supply. This allows you to facilitate the tasks of the driver and at the same time increase the efficiency of achieving the main goals. On the other hand, an increase in power enables the maintenance personnel to work with large volumes of water and, accordingly, save time on refilling the tank. As the working bodies become more complex, the functional range of application of the equipment also expands. Modern irrigation vehicles are capable of not only watering green spaces and cleaning road surfaces, but also provide transportation measures, assist in extinguishing fires, etc.