2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42
The GAZ 53 truck has been produced by the Gorky Automobile Plant for over 30 years. Over the years of production, the machine has gone through several upgrades, during which the engine power and load capacity have increased. The appearance remained practically unchanged, as well as the design of the main components and assemblies.
1983 Modernization
The version of the truck under the designation GAZ 53A has been produced since 1965, and by the beginning of the 80s it was outdated in many respects. Since promising truck models were only in development, the designers had no choice but to rework the old model, which became designated GAZ 5312.
Modernization touched the engine, which was equipped with heads with modified intake valve channels and an increased compression ratio. The channels received a different shape of the walls, which made it possible to more fully direct the flow of the working mixture into the cylinders. An improved K 135 carburetor was used to prepare the working mixture.
On the GAZ 5312 engine, an oil pan and valve covers of a modified shape, more reliable valve stem seals and clutch were used.
Thanks to such improvementsthe main characteristics of the GAZ 5312 have changed - the carrying capacity has increased to 4.5 tons and fuel consumption has slightly decreased (by 1.5-2 liters). To compensate for the increased load, one leaf was added to the rear main springs.
Modifications
The car remained universal, and it was produced in a variety of ways. The GAZ 5312 chassis was used for dump trucks, buses, fire and municipal vehicles. Separate versions were exported and for the needs of the army.
For the needs of bus factories, an elongated chassis GAZ 5312 was produced, which was distinguished by a softer suspension. The bus chassis was in two versions - for normal and northern climatic zones. Almost all options could be supplied with a gas-balloon installation. The LPG airborne version of the 5319 featured a 105 hp engine specially modified for gas operation.
Changes during production
The design of the GAZ 5312 truck was constantly refined and improved. Many of the changes were small and insignificant. Only the main improvements are listed below.
- Early cars had a radiator grille with old-style radiator ventilation gills, and only since 1984 they began to use a new one (the photo above shows a fire truck with an old grille installed).
- There has been a constant struggle to reduce the weight of the machine - since 1985 it has been reduced by 50 kg.
- In the same 1985, the car was equipped with the main pair with a gear ratio of 6, 17.
- In 1986, they radically changedbrake system of the car and introduced an alarm button in the cab. The truck was equipped with lighting equipment that meets international standards.
- In 1988, the engine was improved by introducing new heads.
- In 1990, the floor of the onboard platform was changed.
Recommended:
Features of the design and repair of the VAZ-2114 starter
In this short article, we will try to understand in as much detail as possible how the starter is repaired on the VAZ-2114. This is a device that allows you to start the engine. The starter is an electric motor that spins the crankshaft of the engine
Toyota Cavalier: features, specifications, features
Toyota Cavalier is a slightly redesigned Chevrolet model of the same name for the Japanese market. It is a bright and trouble-free car, characterized by an unusual design, good dynamics, reliability and economy. Despite this, it did not gain popularity in the Japanese market for economic reasons and due to the fact that it was inferior to local cars in terms of quality
Front edge conveyor: design features, characteristics, purpose. LuAZ-967
LuAZ-967 front edge conveyor: specifications, photos, features, operation, maintenance, photos. Amphibian LuAZ: description, purpose, modifications, design, device, test drive, pros and cons
Variator belt: dismantling and design features
Even a breakdown of the speed sensor can lead to serious consequences if it fails during fast movement and the electronic control unit puts the pulleys in an emergency position. In such a situation, the variator belt can both deform and break. If the car is moving at an average speed, then the load on the belt will be minimal
Utility ATV ZID-200: description, specifications, design features
Today, consumers have a wide selection of ATVs from various manufacturers, so choosing one is quite difficult. In Russia, the ZID-200 ATV from the Lifan brand has gained wide popularity. It is distinguished by the simplicity of the engine and the restraint of design
