KAMAZ-53215: description, photo, specifications

2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42

Kama Automobile Plant is one of the largest truck manufacturers in Russia. Its products are famous for their high cross-country ability and good technical parameters. Cars differ from foreign competitors in an acceptable price and maintainability, although they are inferior in terms of design and comfort. Consider the characteristics and features of the KamAZ-53215 truck, which has taken its rightful place in an extensive line of vehicles manufactured in Naberezhnye Chelny.

Description

The model is equipped with a 260 horsepower engine, the load capacity has been increased to 11 tons. The KamAZ-53215 truck is available in several trim levels and can be equipped with an awning. Among the innovations (compared to analogues), experts note a powerful turbine power plant, tire size (300 / 508R20). The maximum speed of the car is 110 km/h.

The transmission unit remained unchanged. It includes a five-speed gearbox with bridges and an old-style cardan. The maximum power of the motor is reached at 2200 rpm. The design of the chassis and brakes was practically not subjected to restyling.

The cabin also remainedformer, but now it is equipped with a berth. It is worth noting that it is almost impossible for one person to lift it. As practice shows, at least two participants are required in this not very simple process. This suggests that it is desirable to equip this unit with a hydraulic drive. According to the plant's engineers, concrete work is already underway on this problem.

Specifications KAMAZ-53215

The following are the main parameters of the truck:

• Length/width/height – 8, 53/2, 5/3, 99 m.
• Number of doors – 2.
• Curb/gross weight – 8, 5/19, 6 t.
• Number of seats - 3.
• Power - 240 horsepower.
• Displacement - 10850 cubic centimeters.
• Fuel type - diesel.
• Transmission system - 10 speed manual transmission with dry friction clutch and pair of discs.
• Drive - rear.
• Suspension unit - spring type.
• Brakes - drums.
• Turning radius - 19.6 m.
• Capacity of the main fuel tank - 500 l.

Powertrain

The onboard KAMAZ-53215 is equipped with a powerful diesel engine (marking - 740.31 240O) with turbine supercharging.

Engine performance:

• Power - 240 "horses".
• Torque - 909 Nm.
• Number of working cylinders - 8 pieces
• Compression – 17.
• The working volume of the combustion chamber is 10850 "cubes".
• Movepiston - 120 mm.

Restyled model

In the updated modification KamAZ-53215, the main power unit has undergone changes. The power indicator increased to 320 horsepower. It is worth noting that this series is released in a limited edition and is not so common on the roads. However, it has a number of advantages over the stock version.

The difference from the analogue is the difference in the allowable roll, which in the longitudinal part is 20 degrees, and in the transverse plane - 10. Such features allow the car to easily overcome problem sections of the road associated with heterogeneity and terrain features.

The working resource of the motor is quite decent. An oil change is recommended every 16 thousand kilometers. When working in conditions of high humidity, this procedure should be carried out more often, and in a dry climatic zone, the mileage without changing the oil increases to 20 thousand km. The volume of lubricants is 28 liters. The limiting thermal limit of the cooling jacket is 95 degrees. The volume of the fuel tank can vary from 350 to 500 liters. Gradeability - 25 degrees.

Chassis and running gear

KAMAZ-53215 chassis characteristics remain relevant to this day. The supporting frame is made of high-strength and corrosion-resistant steel. Designed to withstand the weight of additional equipment and transported cargo.

The weight of the car when loaded is 19.35 tons, and with a road train this figure increases to33, 35 tons. Front / rear axle load - 3, 62 / 4.73 tons. The truck is equipped with six wheels, four of which are driving. These elements are made of high-strength metal, easy to mount and balance. Tires - pneumatic type with tubes.

Brake system

This KAMAZ-53215 grain carrier assembly has quite impressive dimensions. Additionally, the knot contributes to the creation of great inertia.

Mechanism construction:

• Brake drum diameter 400 mm.
• Slips - 140 mm wide.

Features

The truck cab is located above the power unit, looks compact, spacious inside, equipped with a high roof, the necessary set of instruments and an adjustable driver's seat.

If it is necessary to repair the engine, you will have to lift the cab yourself, since this model is not equipped with a specialized hydraulic drive.

When driving, some vibration is felt, the suspension has not undergone major changes. The engine is fairly quiet, allowing conversations inside the cabin without raising your voice.

Transmission unit

The KamAZ-53215 car, the photo of which is presented below, uses a manual gearbox with a divider (demultiplier). The unit is designed for operation in extreme conditions. By and large, the truck has two checkpoints. One of them is a dividing type and is located between the main assembly and the clutch system. On herthe drive is transferred only in case of low engine speeds at the second speed or when there is a lack of power in the third position.

The main transmission box is equipped with ten modes with an axle ratio of 7.22 units. In addition, duplicate indicators are provided, which are used with the involvement of a divisor. The presence of a demultiplier reduces the wear of the power unit, and also increases the comfort of control and dynamics. The disc clutch is actuated by a hydraulic actuator equipped with a pneumatic booster. In some modifications, this assembly contains two friction-type discs without an oil bath.

Electrical Equipment

Wiring KAMAZ-53215 with a trailer consists of several blocks aggregating with each other. This includes:

• Interior heating system with wiper and washer system.
• Cables for outdoor and indoor lighting with regulators.
• Connection of instrumentation.
• Electrical wiring for engine components and components.

The electrical configuration of the KAMAZ-53215 truck uses a powerful generator with a power of 0.8 kW. It differs by a voltage standard of 28 volts, the presence of a rectifying device, and stator windings. Compared to other versions, it has several distinctive features, namely:

• The voltage standard is 28 volts.
• There is a rectifier tank.
• Stator windings are assembled according tostar principle.

In addition, a 14-volt rotor system is mounted on the generator, which can significantly reduce overvoltage when the load drops. The vehicle uses two 12V individually loaded batteries.

Test drive

The first launch of the tested KamAZ-53215 grain carrier with a trailer was a pleasant surprise. In the cold season, there was no noticeable exhaust at the start (neither oil nor black). The pressure in the system is brought to normal, after which KamAZ moves off. This takes a couple of minutes. The quality of the updated cars from the manufacturer on the banks of the Kama has improved markedly. On tests, movement to the nearest gas station was made only on the top row of the divider. When leaving the gas station, it was decided to connect the lower position, but here it turned out to be not so simple.

Even after holding the clutch and a temporary pause, the car did not want to move. I had to do certain manipulations with the divider regulator and the transmission pedal. After that, the truck came to life, which indicates the high quality of the engine, but not a very good assembly of working units.

In the unloaded state, the machine proved to be very good. The cabin has good noise insulation, allowing you to have a conversation without raising your voice. The vehicle demonstrated decent dynamics, both on straight sections of the road and on slopes. There are some problems in terms of vibration, which is not surprising, since no special improvements have been made in this part. AlthoughKamAZ-53215 and is inferior to foreign competitors in a number of indicators, an acceptable price compensates for these shortcomings. The cost of the car starts from 1.8 million rubles.

During overclocking, it became necessary to activate the divider. With a shutter speed of 1.5 seconds, there were practically no problems with gear shifting. As practice shows, on the rises it would be desirable to reduce this figure somewhat. On dynamometer tests, the top speed of the truck decreased slightly, and fuel consumption increased.

At the end of the review

Modern KamAZ vehicles are no longer a kind of warehouse of imperfections that the consumer faced several years ago. However, the designers of the plant in Naberezhnye Chelny have something to strive for. In particular, the comments relate to the level of comfort, the expansion of the model range, and the increase in the working life of the main components. In today's market, model 53215 will definitely find its consumer in various sectors of the national economy.