Phase sensor "Kalina". Replacing the phase sensor

2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42

Using the phase sensor, it is possible to track the position of the camshaft. It is not installed in carburetor engines; they were not on the first copies of injection systems either. But it can be found in almost all engines with 16 valves. Eight-valve engines are equipped with such devices only if they comply with Euro-3 toxicity standards, have a phased or sequentially distributed injection of the fuel mixture. The mass introduction of these devices began around 2004 for engines manufactured by VAZ.

What is the sensor for?

With the help of the phase sensor on the "Kalina" it is possible to determine the cycle of the engine and generate a certain signal. This device is an integral element, in other words, it has a sensing component and a signal converter. The working part of the sensor operates on the Hall effect. It responds to changes in the magnetic field. In the secondary circuit there is a bridge circuit, as well as a special operational amplifier and a transistor stage. And the latter is performed according to the open collector scheme.

Using a phase sensor (VAZ-2114 or on any other model), the moment of fuel injection is selected only in the first cylinder, and based on this, in all the others. The camshaft allows you to determine which valve is in the open position and which phase of operation is taking place. If the sensor malfunctions, an error lights up on the on-board computer, and the operation of the engine goes into emergency mode. Work is carried out only on the signal that comes from the crankshaft position sensor.

Features of phased injection

The phase sensor on the engines "Kalina" and "Priora" is in the upper part. It's next to the air filter housing. The operation of phased injection is characterized by the following features: a pulse is sent from the phase sensor to the electronic engine control system. The latter controls the fuel supply, as a result of which the nozzle opens, and the fuel-air mixture enters the combustion chamber just before the intake valve begins to open. As soon as the valve opens, air is sucked in and the fuel mixture enters the combustion chamber.

How to understand that the sensor is faulty?

The following symptoms will help you identify device malfunctions:

1. When trying to start the engine, the starter rotatesfor 3-4 seconds. Only after that the engine starts, but the error lights up. The bottom line is that when you try to start the engine, the sensor is polled, but the electronic control unit does not receive a signal and switches to work using only the data received from the reader in the crankshaft.
2. Fuel consumption increases.
3. The dynamics of the car is deteriorating. Be sure to diagnose, as the malfunction may also be in the mass air flow sensor.
4. Failures occur during control system self-diagnosis.

Design of the device

The phase sensor of the "Priora" and any other car is an integral mechanism, the functions of which include obtaining all kinds of information about the engine operation cycle, as well as transmitting a signal to the electronic control unit using special impulses. The design of the sensor consists of 2 parts.

This is a Hall effect sensing element and a small transducer. The sensitive element responds to changes in the magnetic field. The sensor is located at the end of the cylinder block, not far from the air filter. There is a metal disk on the camshaft which is necessary for the sensor to function properly.

Sensor errors

In case there are symptoms of a malfunction of the phase sensor, the engine error icon lights up, it is advisable to diagnose the control system. If there is an on-board computer, then on it you can see errors with numbers 0343 or0340. But do not rush to immediately change the device, it is quite possible that there is damage in the wires with which it is connected to the computer. Very often, the sensor simply becomes dirty, which leads to the impossibility of reading information. But in the event that, after checking the sensor, a malfunction is detected, it is necessary to purchase a new one and install it. The cost of the device is not more than 600 rubles.

How to check sensors on 16-valve engines?

The diagnostic procedure for 16- and 8-valve engines is approximately the same.

In order to check the serviceability, you must do the following:

1. Set the multimeter to voltage measurement mode. The threshold can be set at 20 V.
2. It is necessary to connect a constant voltage source of 13.5 Volts to the "E" contact.
3. At the same time, there should be a voltage of 0.4 Volts at the "B" pin.
4. Bring a metal object, such as a screwdriver, to the active part of the phase sensor. If the device is working, then the voltage at the output "B" will rise to 0.9 volts.
5. If you remove a metal object from the active element, the voltage at pin "B" will return to its original position.

Diagnostics on an eight-valve engine

Please note that gauges for 8 and 16 valve engines are not interchangeable. Therefore, when buying, pay attention to this nuance. To carry out diagnostics of phase sensors, it is necessary to perform the following manipulations:

1. To contact "E"connect a constant voltage source of 13.5 volts.
2. The "B" pin should be 0.9 V.
3. After bringing a metal object to the active part of the device, the voltage will decrease to 0.4 V.
4. If you remove the metal device, the voltage will return to the value of 0.9 V.

Instrument replacement

In the event that the device breaks down, there is no point in repairing it. It is much easier to replace the phase sensor, since you will spend a few minutes on this. For repairs, you need a 10 socket and a ratchet. The procedure is as follows:

1. Disconnect the negative terminal from the battery.
2. Unscrew the bolt fixing the sensor on the engine block and disconnect the block with which it is connected to the electrics.
3. Clean all contacts on the block and install a new sensor.

If the wiring is fully functional and there were no problems during installation, all errors disappear on the on-board computer. Engine operation will enter phased injection mode.