MAZ - gearbox: device, characteristics, principle of operation

2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42

MAZ gearbox is equipped with five ranges, aggregates with a YaMZ-236 diesel engine. It has an accelerating range and a remote control. There are also several other modifications of this node. To activate the second and third speed, the synchronizer is activated. Consider the device of this car unit and its features.

Basic elements

Gearbox MAZ includes an input shaft with a gear mounted on a crankcase with ball bearings. In addition, there is an intermediate shaft. From the front it looks like a device on a cylindrical roller bearing, and from the back it looks like a ball analog. The rear element compartment is protected by a cast iron cover, the first and reverse gears are cut directly on the shaft, and the rest of the ranges and power take-off are through keyed drive gears.

Gearbox MAZ with a demultiplier is equipped with an intermediate shaft drive gear with a damper damper. This allows you to reduce the vibrations transformed from the power unit to the transmission box. In addition, this solution makes it possible to reduce the noise of the gear at idle. The need to install the absorber is due to the insufficient uniformity of the operation of the YaMZ-236 type motor.

Gear toothmade separately from the hub. It is disconnected using six cylindrical springs. Residual vibrations are damped by deformation of the spring elements and friction in the damper assembly.

Device

Between the intermediate and secondary shaft, an axle with a pair of roller bearings and a reverse gear is installed on the side. The front gear is coupled to the 1st speed counterpart by an additional shaft, and the rear gear is engaged by activating the reverse gear.

On the MAZ semi-trailer, the front part of the secondary shaft is mounted on a roller bearing, and the rear element is installed in the ball bearing bath. On the protruding part there is a speedometer drive gear, at the back the part is protected by a cover in which the oil seal and the speedometer drive are located. On the splined rear of the shaft, a mechanism for switching first and reverse gears is installed. It is worth noting that this gear is equipped with straight teeth.

Features

On the secondary shaft of the MAZ gearbox, the gear sliding structure is freely installed on steel bearings. This includes adjusting second, third and fifth speeds. The elements are protected from longitudinal displacement by means of oblique teeth and thrust rings. Three gears have constant engagement with the intermediate shaft. The gears are made with a conical base and an internal toothed surface.

Synchronizers are located between gear elements of the second and third speeds. They provide noiseless gear shifting. The synchronizer itself iscoupling, which is located on the splines of the rear sleeve, as well as a body with bronze sealing rings. The skeleton aggregates with the coupling by means of ball-type retainers. The clutch is provided with toothed rims. Her fingers pass through special sockets, on the outside, rings with pins and a shift plug are attached to them.

Checkpoint MAZ "Zubrenok": work

During the operation of this unit, the body ring of the body is pressed against the cone by gears. In this regard, the friction between the contacting surfaces causes rotation and the installation of the cavity on the slot with the coupling pin, while the element is blocked by the body.

The skeleton then interacts with the gear cone due to the resulting force applied to the derailleur. After the effect of friction occurs between the speed cones and the gear with the clutch, the load forces are leveled and the locking device releases the clutch from the base of the synchronizer. Next, the clutch moves by extruding the balls of the locking device, which is shifted to the side. Then the ring gear of the assembly engages with the internal teeth of the mechanism, which entails the inclusion of one or another gear.

Scheme of operation

There are three adjusting rods in the crankcase cover tidal sockets. Their forks are aggregated with the first and reverse gear control carriage, as well as with a pair of clutch synchronizers. The switches are equipped with ball detents and locks.

Checkpoint diagram MAZ, presented below,confirms that the most heavily loaded bearings are lubricated under the resulting operating pressure. The oil comes from the bath through a detachable filter element. It is equipped with a magnet that allows liquid to enter by suction of the gear pump. This unit is driven by the front edge of the intermediate shaft. Next, the mixture is pumped through a groove in the crankcase, enters through the channel of the primary and secondary shafts into the gear bearings of the mechanism. The remaining elements are lubricated by splashing incoming oil.

Oil pump

Gearbox MAZ-4370 is equipped with an oil pump, which has a ball valve that serves to limit the oil pressure in the gearbox system. The assembly crankcase is equipped with an internal baffle, which causes the waste oil to be released through two holes blocked by special plugs.

Gear control is carried out by means of a lever located in the cab. The principle of operation of the circuit is the mechanical switching of a remote drive located above the power unit. A pair of support rollers are provided in the bracket of the crankcase cover of the transmitting unit, which serve to switch speeds using grooves and necks located on the adjusting rods.

In the middle position, the lever is located with a pin with a lock and a spring up. At this time, the lower analogue of the fuse is activated along with the spring. The pin is externally mounted in the oscillating compartment of the first and reverse gears. The leash is mounted on a pivot pin mounted on the front of the lidboxes.

Other parts

The MAZ semi-trailer in the gearbox system is equipped with a front roller that controls the second lever inserted into the head of the movable rod of the bracket. The outer part of the movable rod is connected to the intermediate control mechanism using a cardan elongated rod. The fixing bracket is attached to the vehicle frame.

The lower edge of the shift lever is connected to the same node. Mounting method - similar to the above method. Part of the arm goes through the cabin floor, ensuring the integrity of all other connections. This design makes it possible to tilt the cab without the need for separation and deformation of existing elements and assemblies.

Finally

In more detail I would like to dwell on the features of the gearbox of the MA3-2G0 machine. This block is almost identical to the device on the 500th MAZ. The drive gear does not have a damper, but the second, third and fifth speeds are turned on using a secondary shaft on needle-type bearings. The switching lever is located on a ball bearing, the body of which is fixed on the cover of the switching box. It has a reverse activation fuse, as well as a pin with a spring installed in the steering bracket socket. The node in question proved to be excellent as a direct competitor of domestic and foreign analogues, in accordance with the combination of price and quality parameters.