645 ZIL: specifications and photos

2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42

With the diesel engine 645, the ZIL 4331 series has become one of the most mass-produced domestic models. More than one and a half million copies were produced. The machine has a large load capacity, good maneuverability and maintainability. The car is not afraid of hard work, it is used in the construction, agriculture and municipal sectors. There are modifications designed for the fire service and the Ministry of Emergency Situations. Consider the features and characteristics of this truck and the parameters that the most commonly used motor in this line has.

History of Creation

A car with a 645 ZIL engine was designed and built at the Likhachev plant in the seventies of the last century. At that time, there was a shortage of productive equipment with high operational parameters in the country, which largely influenced the layout and capabilities of the new machine.

The designers of the plant, together with Kama engineers, developed a fundamentally new modification. It is based on one of the KamAZ models. The truck received improved lighting, a productive power unit and a modern exterior. The result is a car that can rightfully be considered one of the best pieces of equipment produced inSoviet Union.

The first copy was presented in 1977. The modernization of the machine continued until 1985. The ZIL-645 diesel engine has been in mass production since 1987. The car was equipped with a 165 horsepower unit (running on diesel fuel or a combined fuel mixture), a five-speed mechanical gearbox. The next version came out already with a transmission for nine synchronized ranges.

Exterior

The exterior design of the car resembles a rectangle in its shape. In the front part there is a highly placed original grille. On the sides are sharply separated from the entire body mudguards. The wheels are set deep and the bumper, made of durable metal, protrudes forward.

The design of this element covered most of the cabin, serving as protection against accidental damage. The workplace itself has an angular configuration. The 645-ZIL truck received a tipper department, which allows transporting various bulk cargoes. It was also possible to transport concrete, wood, metal structures.

Main parameters

Characteristics ZIL 645 (4331) in terms of design is an improved version of the 130 series with a completely redesigned cabin. The machine is based on a powerful frame made of heavy-duty steel. The drive axle is equipped with independent suspension with semi-elliptical sliding springs.

With the suspension unit, two shock absorbers are also aggregated. The rear similar block consists of a pair of springs andadditional elements. Due to the design features, the vehicle could withstand a load of up to twenty-three tons.

The car is equipped with brakes with two pneumatic circuits. The features of this unit include the combination of the main and parking brakes. The additional unit interacts with the leading part of the rear axle by means of batteries. In addition, the system uses an alcohol filler that prevents condensation from freezing during the cold season.

Characteristics of the ZIL 645 engine

This power unit is a V-shaped four-stroke diesel engine, which has a volume of 8.75 liters with a rated power of 185 horsepower. Other installation options include the following:

• number of cylinders - eight pieces;
• torque limit - 510 Nm;
• compression – 18, 5;
• cylinder diameter is one hundred and ten millimeters;
• cooling type - liquid system.

The 645 ZIL engine compares favorably with its gasoline counterparts due to greater productivity and efficiency.

For objectivity, below are the parameters of the used variants of other power plants:

1. The four-stroke petrol "engine" under the index 508.10 is equipped with a carburetor and liquid cooling. Its power is 150 horsepower, and the volume is six liters. Powered by AI-76 fuel, the working life is designed for 350 thousand kilometers.
2. Model 508300 witha volume of six liters has a capacity of 134 "horses". This gasoline carbureted engine is equipped with an electronic injection system, complies with the Euro 3 standard.

Transmission unit

The ZIL 645 engine, the technical characteristics of which are discussed above, could be aggregated with two types of transmissions. Mostly modifications released before 2009 were equipped with mechanics with nine speed ranges. The node had synchronization, a planetary demultiplier and a single-plate clutch. Later versions were equipped with a six-speed manual transmission with a dry clutch of a single-plate type (manufactured by the Yaroslavl Motor Plant).

Cab and equipment

This part has good isolation from extraneous noise and cold. In motion, you do not need to strain your vocal cords when communicating. The cabin is equipped with three seats, each of which is equipped with seat belts. The assembly is installed on several pairs of shock absorbers, which reduces the level of vibration. The one-piece design folds out easily when needed, providing quick access to the main units.

Technical internal stuffing is minimal and simple. This includes basic sensors and instruments, without additional features. Management is facilitated by the installed hydraulic power steering. ZIL 645, the photo of which is presented below, is equipped with a main metal platform with folding sides. The front element is taller than the side elements. In addition, it was possible to installawning frame. Inexpensive and practical for those times, the car quickly gained popularity in the territory of the former USSR. The car was especially in demand as an industrial and transportation vehicle.

Modifications

During the release of the truck in question, more than a dozen modifications were developed. Some of them can be especially noted:

• 433100 is the base version with 645 diesel engine;
• 433102 - improved chassis model;
• 432900 - modification with a diesel engine and a shortened base;
• 433104 - fire truck;
• 433116 - export option;
• 4332A - version with extended base and 645 motor, which was not mass-produced;
• trucks with a base of 3, 8 or 3, 3 meters;
• sleeper cab variation.

The car in question was equipped with a universal body type, which made it possible to transport not only bulk cargo, but also liquids, as well as solid materials and other devices.

Features

The ZIL 645 car, the technical characteristics of which depend on the modification, has a carrying capacity of six to eight tons. The average curb weight of a truck is five and a half thousand kilograms. The wheel formula is respected in the 42 mode.

Estimated fuel consumption at full load and a speed of 60 km / h varies within 18.5 liters per hundred kilometers. Maximum speedthe threshold is 95 km/h when driving alone or 10 kilometers less as part of a road train. The capacity of the fuel tank is 170 liters. The braking distance is 25 meters when fully equipped. Truck tires are equipped with all-terrain tread, which makes it easier to move on unstable and difficult ground.

Dimensions and weight

The truck has the following parameters:

• length/width/height – 6, 37/2, 5/2, 65 meters;
• distance between front/rear wheels – 1.93/1.85m;
• road clearance - 33 centimeters;
• volume of the cooling system - 26.5 liters;
• platform net weight 860 kilograms;
• The weight of the gearbox assembly is 200 kilograms, and that of the cab is 0.55 tons.

The total weight of the vehicle is about 11.5 tons with a full load, which allows it to withstand the regime of driving over bridges and other engineering structures on the roads.

ZIL 645: reviews

As evidenced by the responses of the owners of the truck in question, it is quite practical and useful. Its release ended in 2004, so it is natural that the model is outdated. Users note the low cost of component parts, including the engine. They also emphasize the endurance of the car and its good maintainability.

The variant with the 645th engine is considered one of the most sought-after examples in its class. Considering that the motor was developed back in the early seventies of the last century, we can say that this unithas been worthy of the test of domestic roads and time. The negative aspects of the owners include the lack of some spare parts on the modern market and high fuel consumption. Despite this, the car remains in demand until now.

At the end of the review

ZIL 645 is a real legend of the Soviet automobile industry. Now it can only be purchased second-hand. Prices, depending on the model and condition, range from 150-400 thousand rubles. Of course, this truck is unlikely to be able to replace modern domestic or foreign counterparts. However, due to the low price and good maintainability, the "veteran" from the manufacturers of the Likhachev plant remains in service and is in demand in various fields.