Tractor DT-54 - the main Soviet plowman with good technical data

2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42

The Soviet caterpillar tractor DT-54 (photos are presented on the page) was created in 1949 at a plant in Kharkov. The serial production of a new agricultural machine was launched there. The DT-54 tractor was produced at KhTZ from 1949 to 1961. Another production was opened at the Stalingrad Tractor Plant, where the machine was produced in approximately the same quantity. In the difficult post-war years, agriculture in the USSR needed machinery. The third mass production was organized at the Altai plant, where the DT-54 tractor was produced from 1952 to 1979. A total of 957,900 units were built at three factories.

A bit of history

The DT-54 tractor has become a successful development based on the outdated AZKhTZ-NATI model, with many new technical solutions and the use of modern technologies. The design of the machine is quite perfect, the diesel engine is economical, the consumption of oil and diesel fuel does not exceed the lower limits laid down.operating standards. The engine was the first to use a centrifugal oil cleaning system by using special chambers in the connecting rod journals of the crankshaft.

An oil centrifuge combined with a standard filter worked on the same principle. The drain plug for used oil from the crankcase was a powerful magnet that collected small metal particles. All these measures significantly extended the life of the engine.

The tractor was equipped with a dual-range creeper box, through which ten more were added to the five main gears. This device made it possible to select the optimal load on the engine and contributed to maintaining its performance.

The rear axle was equipped with separate control of rotary couplings and brakes, which greatly facilitated the control of the machine. Before 1956 there was no such division. At the same time, band-type brakes were introduced, acting in both directions. The effectiveness of slowing mechanisms has been significantly improved.

Flaws

One of the drawbacks of the DT-54 was the friction of the caterpillar tracks on the final drive housing. In this regard, special intermediate pads were installed, which at the same time stabilized the direction of the tracks and played the role of a gasket between the caterpillar and the crankcase. These innovations were also applied in 1956. At the same time, the towing device was improved, the bracket of which was lengthened, reinforced with a transverse strip, and the earring was made wider based on a larger diameter finger. Now any trailerthe device was securely attached to the tractor.

Modernization

In 1952, the engine was equipped with a special counter that keeps track of the time during which the engine has been running. Thus, the idle run of the tractor or its use for other purposes was excluded. The counter was sealed at the beginning of work, its readings were taken after the end of the working day.

After 1956, the transmission of rotation of the crankshaft was improved, which functioned peripherally. Next to the main shaft, connected to the transfer case, an additional splined cylinder rotated, to which it was possible to connect a special clutch connecting the transmission to the "quasi" transmission. Additional attachments, which were supposed to be used at the moment and which were equipped with their own rotation mechanism, were connected to the power take-off shaft.

Normally power take-off mechanisms were not included in the package, but they could be installed at a separate request of the buyer. Such an addition was expensive, but consumers understood how useful this device was and did not consider the costs. At the same time, it was possible to install a drive pulley on the tractor, which also made it possible to make power take-off for peripheral equipment, but only through a belt drive.

Tractor DT-54: specifications

The main functions of the DT-54 were complex work with a four or five-section plow. Traction characteristics made it possible to plow the land of anydensity. In addition, the DT-54 tractor could interact with a number of additional trailers.

The thrust range of the powerful machine was 1200 - 2850 kg, which made it possible for its wide application. The operating speeds of the car ranged from 3.58 to 7.8 km / h, the transmission had five forward gears and one reverse. The diesel engine at a nominal speed of 1300 rpm developed a power of 54 hp, which was enough for any field work.

Weight and dimensions

• Gross weight - 5400 kg.
• Length with trailer - 3660 mm.
• Height - 2300 mm.
• Width - 1865 mm.
• Road clearance, clearance - 260 mm.
• Center distance - (outer rollers) 1622 mm.
• The track in the middle of the caterpillar track is 1435 mm.
• Pressure on soil, specific - 0.41 kg/cm2.
• Fuel tank capacity - 185cm/cc

Simulation

Agricultural universal machine DT-54 is one of those rare technical means that are of great interest to collectors. The DT-54 tractor model is created everywhere and is quite common. The quality of the product is usually high, as modellers use the latest technology.