2024 Author: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-19 11:42
In modern cars, and the VAZ-2114 is exactly that, an injector is installed instead of a carburetor power system. Also, the machine is equipped with a modern injection engine. Another important device in the power supply system of a VAZ-2114 car is a gasoline pump. This pump is located in the fuel tank. The main task of this equipment is to create working pressure in the power supply system. It can reach 8 atmospheres, but most often the fuel is pumped under a pressure of 300-400 kPa. In terms of performance, this equipment can pump up to 80 liters of fuel per hour.
Like all other systems in a VAZ-2114 car, the fuel pump can fail.
As for the service life, it can vary significantly, as it is strongly influenced by the quality of the fuel. Consider its device, principle of operation, as well as typical malfunctions and methods of repair and replacement.
How the fuel system workssystem VAZ-2114
The power system includes a fuel module, lines, as well as filters and injectors. The fuel module includes the pump itself, level sensors, a float, as well as primary fuel filter screens.
The mesh of the VAZ-2114 fuel pump is located in the suction pipe. It has a fine mesh structure, thanks to which it retains large contaminants that can damage parts of the pump and power system.
Fuel pump design
As for the element itself, it is of the membrane type. Its principle of operation is based on an electric drive. The motor is powered from the vehicle network. The main component is a special membrane that can reciprocate during the operation of the motor.
The assembly of the membrane system or hydraulic supercharger necessarily has a safety valve in its design, which serves to relieve pressure. There is also a check valve located at the outlet of the device. It is necessary in order to prevent fuel from penetrating from the fuel system into the tank. In addition, it maintains pressure in the system when the pump is turned off.
As for the principle of operation of a mechanical hydraulic supercharger, they are divided into centrifugal and volumetric pumps. The first can be turbine type, where the working part looks like an impeller with a huge number of blades.
The second can be gear or roller type.
In the carVAZ-2114 gasoline pump is constantly washed with flammable liquid, even if there is little fuel in the tank. This design is used to cool the electric motor, because during operation it heats up quite a lot.
Working principle
So, the VAZ-2114 fuel pump injector is nothing more than a small electric motor that pumps fuel and creates the required pressure level in the fuel rail and fuel system.
At the moment when the ignition is turned on, a signal comes from the ECU to this element. Next, an electric current is supplied to the device. The first few seconds the motor rotates (this is necessary in order to create the necessary working pressure). Interestingly, if the on-board computer does not receive any data from the pump within two to three seconds, it turns off the electric motor. This is for safety reasons.
You can hear the fuel pump working in the first seconds after starting the engine.
Thus, fuel is sucked through the tube directly into the pump, and then removed using a one-way valve. Next, gasoline passes through the filter, and then into the engine. This is how the VAZ-2114 fuel pump works. The scheme is quite simple. The fuel pump electric motor will only start when the vehicle engine is running.
Typical malfunctions, their symptoms
VAZ-2114 is a special car, the purchase of which does not require large budgets. It will also cost the owner and maintenance inexpensively. And even ifservicing a foreign car will cost less, but spare parts for VAZ can be found faster and easier in any stores, even in the most remote areas. A common problem in a VAZ-2114 car is the fuel pump. It does not pump fuel.
Here, for example, a typical situation - the engine stalled. When you try to start the car, it either does not start at all, or it starts and even drives, but after a couple of meters it stalls again. After checking the battery, only the fuel pump remains. Let's consider the most typical malfunctions of this node and find out how to fix the breakdown.
Signs of breakdowns
The first sign that the pump is not working is a banal engine failure to start.
Of course, if the engine does not work, anything can happen, but most often after checking the spark plugs and the ECU, the pump is still faulty.
One more thing is the pressure in the fuel system. When everything is in order with the device, then there will be 3.2 bar in the lines. On the fuel rail on a 1.5-liter engine, the pressure level will be from 285 kPa to 325, on a 1.6-liter engine - from 375 to 390 kPa.
It also often happens that the pump does not receive a signal after the ignition is turned on. Usually, the driver hears a slight vibration, which indicates that the device is working properly, but in this case there is no vibration. Most often the problem is in the wiring. The engine may twitch even before the start or just at low speeds. The pump itself or the coarse filter screen does not function here.
All thesefaults can be corrected. Do not immediately run to the nearest store. Replacing a VAZ-2114 fuel pump will cost from 2,000 rubles when buying a whole module, or 1,000 rubles when purchasing only a pump. Causes may also include a fuse, relay, loose ground, electric motor, contacts.
Pressure system
The pump, as you know, is needed to create pressure in the fuel system. To make a correct diagnosis or completely eliminate the pump, you will have to take pressure measurements. So, the normal pressure at idle is 2.6 atmospheres, with the ignition on - from 3, without the regulator tube - 3.3, with a pinched drain - 7. When you press the gas pedal, the normal pressure will be from 3 to 2.5 atm.
Measurements are made in these states with a pressure gauge, the range of which is small. There is a fitting under the hood, a pressure gauge is attached to it.
If the pressure gauge needle is near zero when the ignition is turned on, then the pressure regulator is broken. When the pressure on the gas arrow is near zero, the fuel pump is faulty. When it slowly creeps up, it is worth taking a look at the condition of the VAZ-2114 fuel pump filter.
Wiring contacts
Three wires come to the device. This is a positive wire, respectively, a negative wire and a fuel level sensor wire. One of the reasons why the pump refuses to work is a power failure. After pressure, it is worth checking the contacts.
You can do this with a light bulb. It is fixed on the wires and attached to the externalpump connector. After the ignition is turned on, the light should blink. If it still does not work, you should check the internal contacts.
If, when testing the external contacts, the lamp did not light up, then in turn connect the negative and positive contacts that are disconnected from the pump to ground on the device, and then to the VAZ-2114 fuel pump relay. When the negative contact is connected to ground and the light blinks, the contact is faulty. If not, the positive contact does not work. If the contact is on the relay, and the lamp lights up, then it is worth checking the wiring from the pump to the relay.
Electric motor
To check, you will need the same light bulb. Its wires are fixed to one of the motor terminals and turn on the ignition. If the bulb lights up and goes out, then the electric motor needs to be replaced.
Mass
If everything is in order with the contacts, then you should check the condition of the mass.
It may not be securely fastened. It is attached in the area of the hand brake, under the dashboard. To check and repair, remove the plastic part under the hand brake, remove the floor covering. Then they clean and firmly connect the mass to the pump.
Relay
Where the mass is, the relay is located. In an ideal situation, at the moment of ignition, this element starts the pump in a few seconds and turns off. If the pressure level is normal, and the relay is not working properly, then you need to remove the front panel, which closes the sound contacts. From the passenger side, three instruments can be seen. The bottom one is the relay. If the relay clicks when you turn the key, then it is working. Otherwise, it is better to replace it. It's inexpensive.
Fuse
This is the final diagnostic step.
For those who do not know where the VAZ-2114 fuel pump fuse is located, it is located in the same place as the relay. You can see it from the salon. The best way to get to it is through the hood.
So, under the hood, near the windshield is a box. You need to open it and find the top fuse. Its current strength is 15 A. It also says on it that it is for the fuel rail. If the fuse contact is intact, then it is alive. If the contact is not good, the fuse must be replaced.
These are typical malfunctions of this node and in this way it can be diagnosed in the above way.
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